梧州市城市饮用水中氯化消毒副产物的健康风险评估  

Health Risk Assessment of Chlorination Disinfection By-products inDrinking Water in Wuzhou City

作　　者：齐梦鑫 王怡琦 张巧蓉 陈运耀 蔡永林[4,5] QI Mengxin;WANG Yiqi;ZHANG Qiaorong;CHEN Yunyao;CAI Yonglin(School of Public Health,Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620;Department of Health,Wuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuzhou 543002;Department of Scientific Research,Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital,Wuzhou 543002;Department of Preventive Medicine,Wuzhou Cancer Center,Wuzhou 543002)

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院公共卫生学院,百色533000 [2]东华大学环境与科学工程学院,上海201620 [3]梧州市疾病预防控制中心卫生科,梧州543002 [4]梧州市红十字会医院科研部,梧州543002 [5]梧州市肿瘤防治中心预防医学部,梧州543002

出　　处：《食品工业》2025年第2期327-332,共6页The Food Industry

基　　金：高层次拔尖创新人才专项项目“中央高校基础研究基金”(编号:CUSF-DH-T-2023022)。

摘　　要：评估梧州市城市饮用水中消毒副产物的类型、浓度以及对健康的潜在风险。于2023年丰水期和2024年枯水期,收集100份水样。根据GB 5749—2022《生活饮用水卫生标准》,对六种主要的消毒副产物进行检测,并利用美国环境保护局推荐的健康风险模型评估其对人体的长期健康影响。结果表明,所有水样中消毒副产物的浓度均低于国家标准。在致癌风险方面,丰水期的致癌风险高于枯水期,末梢水的致癌风险也高于出厂水和二次供水,且三氯甲烷、二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸是主要贡献者。基于浓度最大值估算,三氯乙酸的致癌风险最高,男性为63.96×10^(-6),女性为69.72×10^(-6)。而基于中位数则二氯乙酸的致癌风险最大,男性为15.23×10^(-6),女性为16.60×10^(-6)。此外,在非致癌风险方面,三氯甲烷的非致癌风险最高,占总非致癌风险的62.58%(基于最大值)和55.88%(基于中位数)。梧州市城市饮用水中的氯化消毒副产物的致癌和非致癌风险均处于可接受水平,但三氯甲烷、二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸应被重点关注以进行风险管理。Evaluate the types,concentrations,and health risks of disinfection by-products(DBPs)in drinking water in Wuzhou City.In the wet season of 2023 and the dry season of 2024,100 water samples were collected.Six major disinfection by-products were measured according to the GB 5749-2022 Standards for Drinking Water Quality,and long-term health risks were assessed using the health risk model recommended by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA).The results showed that the concentrations of all DBPs in the water samples were below the national standards.In terms of cancer risk,the wet season posed a higher risk than the dry season,and cancer risk in terminal water was higher than in treated and secondary supply water.The main contributors to cancer risk were trichloromethane,dichloroacetic acid,and trichloroacetic acid.Based on maximum concentrations,trichloroacetic acid posed the highest cancer risk,with male and female risks at 63.96x10^(-6)and 69.72x10^(-6),respectively.However,based on median concentrations,dichloroacetic acid posed the highest cancer risk,with male and female risks at 15.23×10^(-6)and 16.60x10^(-6),respectively.In terms of non-cancer risk,trichloromethane accounted for the highest proportion,contributing 62.58%of total non-cancer risk(based on maximum concentrations)and 55.88%(based on median concentrations).Both the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of chlorinated DBPs in Wuzhou's urban drinking water were within acceptable limits.However,chloroform,dichloroacetic acid,and trichloroacetic acid should be prioritized for risk management.

关 键 词：三卤甲烷 卤乙酸 饮用水 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]