认知训练改善轻度认知障碍患者执行功能的应用进展  

Application of cognitive training in improving executive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment

作　　者：张如玉 纪子萱 王彦畅 乔巍 刘海宁[1] Zhang Ruyu;Ji Zixuan;Wang Yanchang;Qiao Wei;Liu Haining(School of Psychology,Chengde Medical University,Chengde 067000,China;School of Basic Medicine,Chengde Medical University,Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院心理学系,承德067000 [2]承德医学院基础医学院,承德067000

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2025年第2期187-192,共6页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基金(23YJCZH130);国家自然科学基金(32300931);承德医学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2024022)。

摘　　要：轻度认知障碍(MCI)是一种位于正常老化与痴呆之间的临床状态,可被视为痴呆发展的初步阶段。执行功能缺陷是老年痴呆的核心症状之一,执行功能的维持与改善对延缓老年痴呆发挥着核心作用。目前,许多研究都表明认知训练能够改善MCI患者的执行功能,但对其改善执行功能内在机制的研究较少且尚无定论。本文就认知训练在MCI患者执行功能的影响进行综述,探讨执行功能缺陷及认知训练对MCI患者执行功能行为层面与脑神经层面的影响,并指出当前MCI干预方案的局限性及可发展方向,旨在为MCI的干预与治疗提供新思路。Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a clinical condition that lies between normal aging and dementia and can be considered as the initial stage of dementia development.Executive dysfunction is one of the core symptoms of dementia,the maintenance and improvement of executive function play a central role in delaying the onset of dementia.At present,many studies have shown that cognitive training can improve executive function in MCI patients,but there are few researches and no consensus on the underlying mechanisms.This paper provides a review of the effects of cognitive training on executive function in patients with MCI,explores the impact of executive function deficits and cognitive training on the behavioral and neural levels of executive function in patients with MCI,and points out the limitations of current MCI intervention strategies and potential development directions,with the aim of providing new insights into the intervention and treatment of MCI.

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 执行功能 认知训练 神经可塑性 认知干预 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]