儿童的注意瞬脱:注意在时间维度上的精细化发展  

Attentional Blink in Children:The Developmental Fine-tuning in the Temporal Dimension of Attention

作　　者：林悦 苏彦捷[1,2] LIN Yue;SU Yanjie(School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理与认知科学学院,北京100871 [2]行为与健康北京市重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2025年第2期292-304,共13页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872782,32071075)。

摘　　要：注意瞬脱体现了视觉注意短时加工多个目标的局限性,但牺牲对第二个目标的加工有益于对第一个目标的精细化加工,也体现了一种认知策略。这种同时加工多目标和保持目标特征之间的权衡体现在儿童注意瞬脱的发展中:随着年龄的增长,虽然牺牲了一些识别第二个目标的准确性,注意瞬脱更大,但瞬脱的时间窗口缩短,瞬脱恢复地更快,顺序交换错误和绑定错误更少,保证了对第一个目标的完整表征。这一发展轨迹体现了儿童视觉注意在时间维度上的精细化发展,这可能依赖于儿童知觉注意、工作记忆及抑制控制的发展。未来研究可以综合注意瞬脱各行为指标和神经相关物进一步探究其中的影响机制,还可以借助注意瞬脱范式探究儿童意识和跨通道整合能力的发展。Attentional blink is a phenomenon that reflects the limitation of visual attention in processing multiple targets within a concise time window.However,sacrificing the processing of the second target is beneficial to the refinement of the first target,thus also reflecting a cognitive strategy.The trade-off between simultaneous processing of multiple targets and maintaining the representation of target features is reflected in the development of attentional blink.As children grow older,they make more errors when reporting the second target during the blink,but the time window of the blink shortens,and the blink also recovers more quickly.Children also made more swap errors and feature binding errors than adults.This development trajectory reflects the developmental fine-tuning in the temporal dimension of attention,which may depend on the development of children’s perception and attention,working memory,and inhibitory control.Future research can further explore the developmental fine-tuning in the temporal dimension of attention based on integrating behavioral indicators and neural correlates.Attentional blink also provides a novel approach to exploring the development of children’s consciousness awareness and cross-model integration.

关 键 词：注意瞬脱 视觉注意 快速序列视觉呈现 儿童 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]