CO_(2)还原用甲酸脱氢酶分子改造的研究进展  

Advances on Molecular Modifications of Formate Dehydrogenase for CO_(2) Reduction

作　　者：陆峰 黄玉红 林燕娜 马富强 LU Feng;HUANG Yu-hong;LIN Yan-na;MA Fu-qiang(Medical Enzyme Engineering Center,CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Suzhou 215163;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Shandong Lab of Advanced Biomaterials and Medical Devices in Weihai,Weihai 264210)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所、中国科学院生物医学检验技术重点实验室、医药酶工程研究中心,苏州215163 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所、离子液体清洁过程北京市重点实验室,北京100190 [3]威海先进医用材料与高端医疗器械山东省实验室,威海264210

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2025年第3期14-24,共11页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2104200);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20240408);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2024M762324);江苏省卓越博士后计划资助项目(2024ZB492);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2022327);山东省实验室项目(SYS202209)。

摘　　要：随着全球对可持续能源转型和温室气体减排的迫切需求,CO_(2)的高效绿色转化成为能源、环境科学以及化学工程等多个领域的研究热点。特别是在应对气候变化的背景下,CO_(2)的捕集和利用被视为实现碳中和的重要途径之一。甲酸脱氢酶(FDH)作为将CO_(2)还原为甲酸盐的重要生物催化剂,在绿色化学和生物能源转化中展现出巨大的应用潜力,然而其催化活性、热稳定性和辅酶特异性等方面仍存在一定局限性。近年来,随着蛋白质工程技术和分子生物学的不断发展,研究者们提出了多种改造FDH性能的策略,使得FDH的应用前景得到极大提升。例如通过定向突变、结构优化等酶工程手段提高酶的底物亲和力,增强酶的刚性和构象稳定性以及改变辅酶结合位点,拓宽其在绿色转化过程中的应用前景。本文将对近年来FDH催化CO_(2)还原的研究进展进行全面总结,着重分析FDH在催化效率、热稳定性、辅酶特异性等方面的改进措施,探讨分子改造过程中所采取的具体策略,并总结这些策略的规律,以期为未来FDH的分子改造提供新的思路和方法,推动其在CO_(2)还原反应中的应用发展。此外,随着人工智能、机器学习和基因编辑等技术的发展,未来FDH的分子改造将更加高效和精确,这些新兴技术有望在较短的时间内筛选出具有优异性能的FDH突变体,为其在解决全球气候变化和能源危机方面提供可行的绿色解决方案。With the urgent global demand for sustainable energy transformation and greenhouse gas emission reduction,the efficient green conversion of CO_(2) has become a research hotspot in various fields such as energy,environmental science,and chemical engineering.Especially in the context of combating climate change,CO_(2) capture and utilization is seen as one of the key strategies to achieve carbon neutrality.Formate dehydrogenase(FDH)as an important biocatalyst for reducing CO_(2) to formate,has shown significant potential in green chemistry and bioenergy conversion.However,it still has certain limitations regarding catalytic activity,thermal stability,and coenzyme specificity.In recent years,with the continuous development of protein engineering technology and molecular biology,researchers have proposed a variety of strategies to modify the performance of FDH,significantly enhancing its application prospects.For example,enzyme engineering means such as directed mutation and structure optimization can improve the substrate affinity of the enzyme,enhance the rigidity and conformational stability of the enzyme,and change the coenzyme binding site to broaden its application prospects in the process of green transformation.In this paper,the research progress of FDH catalytic CO_(2) reduction in recent years will be comprehensively summarized,focusing on the improvement measures of FDH in terms of catalytic efficiency,thermal stability,coenzyme specificity,etc.,the specific strategies adopted in the molecular transformation process will be discussed,and the rules of these strategies will be summarized,in order to provide new ideas and methods for the molecular transformation of FDH in the future and promote the development of its application in CO_(2) reduction reaction.In addition,with the development of artificial intelligence,machine learning,gene editing and other technologies,the molecular modification of FDH will be more efficient and precise in the future,and these emerging technologies are expected to screen out F

关 键 词：CO_(2)还原 甲酸脱氢酶 分子改造 催化效率 热稳定性 辅因子特异性 甲酸盐 NAD+/NADH 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]