多环芳烃胁迫下蚯蚓防御系统和肠道菌群应激效应研究  

Research on the stress effects of defense system and intestinal flora aofearthworms under the pressure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

作　　者：范雅淇 刘宇 毕艳孟 李楠 孟凡盛 于静洁 王少坡[1,2] FAN Yaqi;LIU Yu;BI Yanmeng;Li Nan;MENG Fansheng;YU Jingjie;WANG Shaopo(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin 300384;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology,Tianjin 300384)

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津300384 [2]天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第2期514-522,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：天津市科技特派员项目(No.23YDTPJC00720);天津市教委科研计划项目(No.2021KJ001);天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室开放基金(No.TJKLAST-PT-2021-01)。

摘　　要：多环芳烃(PAHs)是一种难降解的污染物,因其具有极强的致癌、致畸、致突变性,受到人们的广泛关注.研究表明,蚯蚓可在高浓度PAHs污染的土壤中存在,但蚯蚓应对PAHs胁迫的过程并不清楚.为从蚯蚓自身抗氧化能力及其微生物的角度分析蚯蚓耐受PAHs胁迫的生理机制,本研究采用自然土壤法,探讨了芘(Pyr)和不同暴露剂量的苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)污染胁迫对直隶腔蚓(Metaphire tschiliensis)体内过氧化物酶(POD)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和丙二醛(MDA)含量及其肠道微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明:暴露14 d,B[a]P处理组的POD含量(792.3、938.2 U·min^(-1)·g^(-1),以鲜重计,下同)、Pyr和高浓度B[a]P处理组的AChE含量(2781.3、2797.9 U·min^(-1)·g^(-1))均达到峰值;MDA含量均在暴露的第35 d达到最低值.门水平上,放线菌门(28%~53%)和变形菌门(23%~52%)为优势菌门;属水平上,优势菌属有所变化.且POD、AChE和MDA与疣微菌门、绿弯菌门、斯科曼氏球菌属等存在显著的相关性(p<0.05).本研究为揭示蚯蚓应对有机污染物过程提供了基础数据,同时也为PAHs在环境中的风险评估及早期监测提供理论依据.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are a class of refractory pollutant that have attracted widespread attention due to their strong carcinogenic,teratogenic,and mutagenic effects.Studies have shown that earthworms can survive in soil heavily contaminated with PAHs.However,the mechanisms by which earthworms respond to PAHs is not well known.In order to explore the mechanism of earthworms'tolerance to PAHs stress,we used the natural soil method to investigate the impact of pyrene(Pyr)and different exposure dosages of benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P)on the peroxidase(POD),acetylcholinesterase(AChE),and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents in Metaphire tschiliensis as well as the structure of their intestinal microbial communities.The results showed that after 14 days of exposure,the POD content(792.3,938.2 U·min^(-1)·g^(-1))in the B[a]P treatment group and the AChE content(2781.3,2797.9 U·min^(-1)·g^(-1))in the high-concentration B[a]P treatment group peaked.Meanwhile,the MDA content reached its minimum after 14 days of exposure.With respect to earthworm intestinal bacterial communities,Actinobacteria(28%~53%)and Proteobacteria(23%~52%)were the dominant phyla in all the groups while the dominant bacterial genera varied among the different groups.POD,AChE,and MDA were significantly correlated with the bacterial genera Verrucomicrobiae,Chloroflexi,and Skermanella(p<0.05).This study provides fundamental data for revealing the process of earthworms'response to organic pollutants,and provides theoretical basis for risk assessment and early detection of PAHs in the environment.

关 键 词：芘 苯并[A]芘 蚯蚓 应激防御系统 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]