大渡河适宜生态流量评价研究  

Study on the Evaluation of Suitable Ecological flow of Dadu River

作　　者：卫仁娟[1] 潘妮[1] 赵璐[2] 史雯雨[1] WEI Ren-juan;PAN Ni;ZHAO Lu;SHI Wen-yu(Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College,Chengdu 611200,Sichuan Province,China;College of Water Resource and Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川水利职业技术学院,四川成都611200 [2]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第3期24-29,35,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助项目(2022NSFSC1125);成都水生态文明建设研究重点基地项目(SST2021-2022-05);国家自然科学基金项目(52109060)。

摘　　要：生态流量是保障流域水生态环境可持续发展的重要指标。为科学确定大渡河的生态流量,基于大渡河泸定站1993-2022年实测日流量资料,采用Tennant法、枯水频率法、月保证率法等8种水文学法计算大渡河泸定站生态流量值,并建立基于偏差指数和满足率的综合指数评价各方法的适宜性。结果表明:①大渡河泸定站径流变化呈现不显著的增加趋势,水文情势变化较低,径流序列一致性较好;②各水文学法计算生态流量评价结果各有优劣,月保证率法和变化范围分析法(RVA法)的综合指数最高,水文节律表现较好,推荐月保证率法和RVA法作为大渡河泸定站的生态流量计算方法。③月保证率法推荐的生态流量最小值为167.1 m^(3)/s,最大值为1942 m^(3)/s,均值为801.8m^(3)/s;RVA法推荐生态流量最小值为161.9m^(3)/s,最大值为1217m^(3)/s,均值为549.6m^(3)/s。Ecological flow has been treated as a critical index to ensure the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the basin.In order to scientifically determine the ecological flow of the Dadu River,based on the daily runoff data of Luding hydrology station from 1993 to 2022,eight hydrological methods,including the Tennant method,Low Water Frequency method,and Monthly Guarantee Rate method,among others,were used to calculate the ecological flow of Dadu River.The applicability of different methods in Dadu River was comprehensively evaluated using composite index based on deviation index and standard attainment rate.Results showed that:①The runoff at the Luding Station on the Dadu River exhibited a slight but statistically insignificant increasing trend.The degree of the hydrological regime was low,and the runoff series demonstrated good consistency.②The ecological flow evaluation results of various hydrological methods were of varying quality,with the monthly assurance rate method and RVA method having the highest comprehensive index and good hydrological rhythm representation.Therefore,the monthly assurance rate method and RVA method are recommended as the ecological flow calculation methods for the Dadu River at Luding Station.③The recommended minimum and maximum ecological flow rates based on the monthly assurance rate method are 167.1 m^(3)/s and 1942 m^(3)/s,respectively,with an average of 801.8 m^(3)/s;the recommended minimum and maximum ecological flow rates based on the RVA method are 161.9 m^(3)/s and 1217 m^(3)/s,respectively,with an average of 549.6 m^(3)/s.

关 键 词：生态流量 水文学法 综合评价 大渡河 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]