超低热值高湿含氨燃气低氮燃烧组织方法及其工业验证  

Low-NOx Combustion Organization Method for Ultra-low-specific-energy High-humidity Ammonia-containing Gas and Its Industrial Validation

作　　者：王志宁 张杨鑫 韩强[2] 张扬[3] 张海[3] 吕俊复[3] WANG Zhining;ZHANG Yangxin;HAN Qiang;ZHANG Yang;ZHANG Hai;LYU Junfu(Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy,Tsinghua University,Taiyuan 030000,Shanxi Province,China;Taiyuan Boiler Group Company Limited,Taiyuan 030000,Shanxi Province,China;Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education(Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University),Haidian District,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学山西清洁能源研究院,山西省太原市030000 [2]太原锅炉集团有限公司,山西省太原市030000 [3]热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室(清华大学能源与动力工程系),北京市海淀区100084

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2025年第5期1838-1846,I0019,共10页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U24B2069);清华大学山西清洁能源研究院中试示范揭榜挂帅项目(2023JZ0501001)。

摘　　要：利用工业副产燃气燃烧发电或供热,可以有效提高能源利用率。部分副产燃气具有含水量高、热值低、含氨的特点,在燃烧利用中存在燃烧不稳定、燃尽率低和NO_(x)排放高等问题。针对上述问题,该文开展反应动力学模拟,获得炭黑尾气的燃烧特性及污染物排放特性;研究烟气再循环和空气分级对炭黑尾气燃烧过程中NO_(x)生成的影响规律,提出基于高温烟气多重回流结合分级燃烧的技术方案,开发相关燃烧技术,并完成工业验证。结果表明,优化后的分级燃烧方案能够有效抑制燃料型NO_(x)的生成。工业验证显示,CO排放浓度低于50 mg/N⋅m^(3),NO_(x)排放降低了300~400 mg/N⋅m^(3)。可知,采用多重高温烟气内循环稳燃结合分级燃烧方案,能够有效地解决超低热值高湿含氨燃气燃烧组织的难题。The use of industrial by-product gas combustion for power generation or heat supply can effectively improve energy utilization.Some of the by-product gases are characterized by high water content,low calorific value,and ammonia content,and thereby problems,such as unstable combustion,low fuel burnout rate,and high NO_(x) emission,exist in the combustion utilization of the by-product gases.Aiming at the above problems,this study firstly carries out reaction kinetic simulation and obtains the combustion and pollutant characteristics of typical ultra-low specific energy high-humidity ammonia-containing by-product gas(the offgas of carbon black furnace).The effects of flue gas recirculation and air staging on NO_(x) formation in the process of off-gas combustion are investigated.A technical scheme based on multiple re-circulations of high-temperature flue gas combined with staged combustion is proposed and validated in industrial-scale applications.The results show that the use of multiple re-circulations of high-temperature flue gas to heat the reactants significantly improves the flame propagation speed,thereby making the flame more stable.The optimized staged combustion scheme effectively inhibits the formation of fuel-NO_(x).The results of industrial-scale experiments present that the combustion stability and fuel burnout rate are effectively improved by using the proposed combustion organization method.The CO emission concentration is lower than 50 mg/N⋅m^(3),and the NO_(x) emission is reduced by 300~400 mg/N⋅m^(3).The adoption of combustion stabilization scheme of the multiple high-temperature flue gas internal circulation integrated with the staged combustion is capable of effectively solving the problem of combustion organization of ultra-low specific energy and high-humidity ammoniumcontaining gases.

关 键 词：含氨燃气 超低热值 氮氧化物 化学反应动力学 炭黑尾气 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]