双目视觉中阶梯轴轴径测量方法  

Measuring Method of Stepped Shaft Diameter in Binocular Vision

作　　者：甘勇[1] 曾勃乔 饶承剑 薛菲 GAN Yong;ZENG Boqiao;RAO Chenjian;XUE Fei(College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Science and Technology,Guangxi Gui-lin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2025年第3期350-353,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金—基于网格片层体积测量的机械零件无损测量与重构方法研究(51665008);桂林电子科技大学研究生教育创新计划项目(C21YJM00JZ03)。

摘　　要：为实现工业中对零件的非接触测量,提出了基于双目视觉立体匹配原理的阶梯轴轴径测量方法。该方法利用图像分割和灰度值梯度变化提取零件边缘,有效保证了零件边缘的连续性;使用线性回归求出轴类零件两端的旋转点,通过旋转点和轮廓上一点求出轴截面上的圆心三维坐标,最后使用空间距离公式求出轴段的半径。实验表明,该方法有效避免了求出的直径并非真实直径并且检测速度快,实验结果与理论半径对比,当阶梯轴半径在(7.5~15)mm之间时,该方法平均误差在0.2mm之内。In order to realize the non-contact measurement of parts in industry,a stepped shaft diameter measurement method based on binocular vision stereo matching principle is proposed.This method uses image segmentation and gray value gradient to extract the edge of the part,which effectively ensures the continuity of the edge of the part;The rotation points at both ends of the shaft part are obtained by linear regression,the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the circle on the shaft section are obtained through the rotation point and a point on the contour,and finally the radius of the shaft section is obtained by using the spatial distance formula.Experiments show that this method effectively avoids that the calculated diameter is not the real diameter,and the detection speed is fast.Compared with the theoretical radius,the average error of this method is within 0.2mm when the step axis radius is between 7.5mm and 15mm.

关 键 词：双目视觉 轴径 非接触测量 零件边缘 机器视觉 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG806[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术] TH124