联合国系统残疾模式、核心概念和术语体系:基于CRPD和ICF的研究  

Disability Paradigms,Core Concepts and Terminology Systems Within the United Nations System:An Analysis Based on the CRPD and ICF

作　　者：杨亚茹 邱卓英 王忠彦[1,2] 宋桂芸 YANG Yaru;QIU Zhuoying;WANG Zhongyan;SONG Guiyun

机构地区：[1]康复大学,青岛266101 [2]世界卫生组织国际分类家族合作中心,北京100068 [3]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [4]中国康复研究中心,北京100068

出　　处：《残疾人研究》2025年第1期88-96,共9页Disability Research

基　　金：2024年中国残联《残疾人残疾分类和分级》国家标准修订立项资助课题“国际及港澳台地区残疾标准研究”。

摘　　要：本研究秉承联合国《残疾人权利公约》(CRPD)精神并且基于国际功能、残疾与健康分类(ICF)架构和方法,系统分析了联合国系统主要国际组织的残疾模式、核心概念及相关术语。联合国系统国际组织采用残疾的社会模式,运用ICF架构和方法定义了残疾的核心概念并采用了ICF的残疾术语体系,建立了符合ICF架构的残疾分类分级方法和术语体系,为制定符合CRPD精神的残疾政策,协调采取统一的行为保障残疾人权益并推动残疾人的包容性发展提供了理论和方法支持。同时,联合国系统相关国际组织还基于ICF开发了政策工具。残疾标准建设应遵循CRPD的宗旨并采用ICF的理论和方法,结合各国社会经济发展状况,运用基于ICF的方法和工具建立并不断完善残疾分类分级标准系统、开发标准化评估工具,以提升残疾标准的科学性、实用性和包容性,实现跨行业、跨区域及国际间的残疾数据可比性。This study conducts a systematic analysis of the disability paradigms,core concepts,and related terminology employed by major international organizations within the United Nations system with adherence to the principles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities(CRPD)and with the framework and approach of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF).The international organizations within the United Nations system have defined core disability concepts and established terminology systems consistent with the ICF based on the social model of disability and the ICF framework and approach.The adoption of ICF-aligned disability classification,grading methods,and terminology systems by these organizations provides a theoretical and methodological foundation for formulating CRPD-compliant disability policies and coordinating unified actions for protecting the rights and interests of persons with disabilities,and advancing the inclusive development with persons with disabilities.Relevant international organizations within the United Nations system have also developed policy tools based on the ICF.Disability standards should be developed in accordance with CRPD principles with ICF theories and methodologies,while also accounting for the specific socioeconomic development of various countries,and disability classification and grading systems should be developed and continuously improved and standardized assessment instruments should be developed using ICF-based methods and tools,which will enhance the scientific rigor,practicality and inclusivity of disability standards and the achievement of the comparability of disability data across sectors,regions and countries.

关 键 词：残疾模式 残疾核心概念 残疾术语 联合国《残疾人权利公约》 ICF 

分 类 号：C913.69[经济管理]