基于传递函数的高速受电弓跟随性研究  

Research of the following-performance of high-speed pantograph based on transfer function

作　　者：孔令楠 周宁[1] 程尧 蒋聪健 孙翌 张卫华[1] KONG Lingnan;ZHOU Ning;CHENG Yao;JIANG Congjian;SUN Yi;ZHANG Weihua(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;CRRC Zhuzhou LOCOMOTIVE Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2025年第2期533-542,共10页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52072319);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4301201-03);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2023NSFSC0396);西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室自主课题(2023TPL-T05)。

摘　　要：随着列车运行速度的提升,对列车弓网系统的动态性能要求不断提高,受电弓的跟随性作为动力学指标之一直接影响弓网的动态接触性能与受流质量。为厘清高速受电弓的跟随性随受电弓参数变化的机理,进而改善弓网动力学性能,首先推导受电弓三质量块等效模型的传递函数;然后以此为基础初次建立了反映受电弓跟随性能的全新数学理论模型,并结合数值仿真与台架试验结果验证模型的合理性;最后基于该模型运用仿真计算、理论推导与灵敏度分析得到在1.5~12 Hz激振频率下跟随性的影响规律。研究结果表明:受电弓跟随性的极大值发生在受电弓反向共振频率,即2阶固有频率段。弓头、上框架的等效质量、刚度、阻尼和下框架的等效刚度与跟随性呈负相关;下框架的等效质量、阻尼与跟随性呈正相关。弓头和框架的等效质量与跟随性极值频率呈负相关;等效刚度与跟随性极值频率呈正相关。灵敏度分析显示弓头和框架的等效质量对跟随性影响较大,变化率数量级为10^(0)~10^(1);其次是等效阻尼,变化率数量级为10^(-2)~10^(-1);最后是等效刚度,变化率数量级普遍低于10^(-3),下框架的等效刚度改变几乎不影响跟随性。研究结果提供了一种较精确的受电弓跟随性数学模型,并详细展示了受电弓各等效参数变化对跟随性的影响率,为跟随性的进一步优化提供了理论参考。With the increase in train operating speeds,the requirements for the dynamic performance of the train pantograph and catenary system are continuously rising.The following-performance,as one of the key dynamic indicators,directly affects the dynamic contact performance and current collection quality of the pantograph and catenary system.To clarify the mechanism of how the following-performance of high-speed pantograph varies with its parameters and to improve the dynamic performance of the pantograph and catenary system,the transfer function of a three mass equivalent model of the pantograph was first derived.Based on this,a new mathematical theoretical model reflecting the following-performance of the pantograph was established for the first time.The rationality of the model was proved by comparing the results between numerical simulation and bench scale test.Finally,by using this model,the influence of followability under excitation frequencies ranging from 1.5 to 12 Hz was investigated through simulation calculations,theoretical derivations,and sensitivity analysis.The study reveals that the maximum value of following-performance occurs at the anti-resonance frequency,which corresponds to the second-order natural frequency range.The equivalent mass,stiffness,and damping of bow head and upper frame,as well as equivalent stiffness of lower frame,is negatively correlated with following-performance,while the equivalent mass and damping of the lower frame are positively correlated with following-performance.The equivalent mass of the bow head and frame is negatively correlated with the frequency at extreme of following-performance,whereas the equivalent stiffness is positively correlated with this frequency at extreme of following-performance.Sensitivity analysis shows that the equivalent mass of the bow head and frame has a significant impact on the following-performance.The order of magnitude of change rate is between 10^(0) and 10^(1).Followed by equivalent damping,of which the order of magnitude of change rate i

关 键 词：高速受电弓 受流质量 传递函数 跟随性 规律分析 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]