中国乳腺癌重要基础转化研究——进展与展望  

Significant fundamental translational research on breast cancer in China:progress and prospects

作　　者：卢愚风 王晗 谢亦璠 江一舟 邵志敏 LU Yufeng;WANG Han;XIE Yifan;JIANG Yizhou;SHAO Zhimin(Department of Breast Surgery,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Fudan University Breast Cancer Institute,Department of Oncology,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科/复旦大学乳腺癌研究所,复旦大学上海医学院肿瘤学系,上海200032

出　　处：《中国癌症杂志》2025年第2期143-153,共11页China Oncology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U24A-20736、82425044)。

摘　　要：乳腺癌作为威胁中国女性健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率正持续攀升。面对这一严峻形势,迫切需要通过基础转化研究来优化治疗方案,以应对当前治疗中存在的挑战。本文综述中国近5年在乳腺癌基础转化研究领域的关键进展,旨在为乳腺癌的精准治疗提供科学依据和新方向。研究涵盖乳腺癌的分子分型、生物标志物发掘、耐药机制探索、精准治疗策略优化以及新靶点的鉴别等多个方面。在分子分型方面,研究者通过深入分析乳腺癌亚型,揭示了不同亚型在治疗响应上的显著差异,并针对各亚型提出了特定的治疗策略,为实现个体化治疗奠定了理论基础。生物标志物的发掘为患者选定合适的治疗方案提供了重要依据。研究显示,利用液体活检和蛋白质组学技术,已发现多个有前景的生物标志物,为乳腺癌的早期诊断和预后评估带来了新希望。在耐药机制的研究中,研究者们揭示了内分泌治疗和人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)靶向治疗耐药的分子机制,并提出了逆转耐药的潜在策略,为提升治疗效果开辟了新途径。在免疫治疗和靶向治疗领域,新靶点和生物标志物的识别为乳腺癌治疗提供了新的视角。基于对肿瘤异质性的深入理解,科研人员通过多组学分析不断优化精准治疗策略,为乳腺癌患者提供了更为个性化的治疗方案。同时,新技术的应用也在持续推动乳腺癌精准治疗的发展。例如,人工智能技术在乳腺癌的早期筛查、诊断、疗效评估及预后预测中展现出巨大潜力。另一方面,通过纳米技术开发新型药物递送系统,提高了药物的靶向性和疗效。此外,水凝胶贴片技术和肿瘤疫苗的研究为乳腺癌的治疗提供了新策略。总体而言,中国在乳腺癌基础转化研究领域取得了显著成就,这些研究成果不仅加深了我们对乳腺癌分�Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor that poses a threat to women's health in China,with incidence and mortality rates persistently increasing.Given this critical situation,there is an urgent need to optimize therapeutic options through basic translational research to address current treatment challenges.This article provided a comprehensive overview of the significant advancements in fundamental translational breast cancer research in China over the past five years,aiming to provide a scientific basis and new directions for precision treatment of breast cancer.This research encompasses a range of subjects,including molecular typing,biomarker identification,exploration of drug resistance mechanisms,optimization of precision treatment strategies,and identification of new targets in breast cancer.In the domain of molecular typing,researchers have revealed substantial disparities in treatment responses among distinct subtypes of breast cancer through in-depth analysis.This has led to the proposal of specific therapeutic strategies for each subtype,thereby establishing a robust theoretical foundation for individualized treatment approaches.The identification of biomarkers plays a pivotal role in selecting appropriate treatment options for patients.Recent research advancements have demonstrated the potential of liquid biopsy and proteomics technologies in uncovering promising biomarkers,offering novel prospects for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of breast cancer.In the investigation of resistance mechanisms,researchers have elucidated the molecular underpinnings of resistance to endocrine therapy and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-targeted therapy and proposed potential strategies to overcome resistance.This has paved the way for novel approaches to enhance therapeutic efficacy.In the context of immunotherapy and targeted therapies,the discernment of novel targets and biomarkers has facilitated novel perspectives on breast cancer treatment.Based on advanced comprehension o

关 键 词：乳腺癌 基础转化研究 耐药机制 精准治疗 生物标志物 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]