矿山废弃地生态修复技术与模式研究  

Research on Ecological Restoration Technology and Mode of Abandoned Mining Land

作　　者：李一鸣 LI Yi-ming(The First Geological Brigade of Shandong Provincial Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau(Shandong Provincial First Geological and Mineral Exploration Institute),Ji’nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质大队(山东省第一地质矿产勘查院),山东济南250100

出　　处：《世界有色金属》2025年第2期173-175,共3页World Nonferrous Metals

摘　　要：本文系统综述了矿山废弃地生态修复的技术与模式,重点探讨了土壤修复、水体修复、植物恢复及多元化修复模式等方面的研究成果。文章首先介绍了土壤修复技术,包括物理修复、化学修复和生物修复等方法,并强调了它们在改善土壤质量、降低污染物毒性方面的作用。接着,分析了水体修复技术,如生态浮岛和湿地构建技术,在净化水质、恢复水生生态系统方面的应用。植物恢复作为生态修复的关键环节,文章详细阐述了先锋植物引入、群落构建等策略的重要性。此外,还探讨了政府主导、企业参与、产学研合作及公众参与等多元化修复模式,为矿山废弃地生态修复提供了综合解决方案。最后,文章总结了当前研究的不足,并提出了未来研究方向,包括技术创新、模式创新、政策创新及加强监测与评估等。本文旨在为矿山废弃地生态修复提供理论指导和实践参考,推动其生态环境的根本改善和可持续发展。This article systematically reviews the technologies and models of ecological restoration of abandoned mining sites,focusing on the research achievements in soil restoration,water restoration,plant restoration,and diversified restoration models.The article first introduces soil remediation technologies,including physical remediation,chemical remediation,and biological remediation methods,and emphasizes their role in improving soil quality and reducing pollutant toxicity.Subsequently,the application of water restoration technologies,such as ecological floating islands and wetland construction techniques,in purifying water quality and restoring aquatic ecosystems was analyzed.Plant restoration,as a key link in ecological restoration,is emphasized in detail in this article,highlighting the importance of strategies such as introducing pioneer plants and constructing communities.In addition,diversified restoration models such as government led,enterprise participation,industry university research cooperation,and public participation were explored,providing comprehensive solutions for ecological restoration of abandoned mining land.Finally,the article summarizes the shortcomings of current research and proposes future research directions,including technological innovation,model innovation,policy innovation,and strengthening monitoring and evaluation.This article aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for ecological restoration of abandoned mining sites,promoting fundamental improvement and sustainable development of their ecological environment.

关 键 词：矿山废弃地 多元化修复模式 技术创新 政策创新 监测与评估 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]