基于正交实验的汽车发动机罩冲压工艺的模拟分析及优化  

Simulation analysis and optimization on stamping process for automobile engine hood based on orthogonal experiment

作　　者：陈文强 梁发周[1] 冷文杰 张义坤 Chen Wenqiang;Liang Fazhou;Leng Wenjie;Zhang Yikun(Department of Aeronautical Manufacturing and Engineering,Science and Technology College of Nanchang Hangkong University,Jiujiang 332020,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学科技学院航空制造与工程学部,江西九江332020

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第2期46-52,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学研究项目(GJJ2204313);江西省大学生创新创业计划项目(20241343303)。

摘　　要：为提高整车开发效率,以汽车发动机罩覆盖件为研究对象,利用有限元分析软件Autoform,研究了压边力、模具间隙和冲压速率对覆盖件成形的影响规律。首先,分析了汽车发动机罩的结构特点,确定了拉延成形、修边、翻边(第1次翻边-第2次翻边)的冲压工艺路线。其次,以材料最大减薄率为优良工艺的指标参数,依据正交实验分析了零件成形过程中的危险位置,并通过极差分析确定了各因素对成形质量的影响程度排序压边力>模具间隙>冲压速率。最后,经过模拟与实验验证,得到最优工艺参数组合为:压边力为1800 kN、模具间隙为1.00 mm、冲压速率为4000 mm·s^(-1),为实际生产提供了理论依据,有效减短了零件生产周期。In order to improve the efficiency of vehicle development,taking the automobile engine hood cover as the research object,the influence laws of blank holder force,die clearance and stamping rate on the forming of cover were studied by using the finite element analysis software Autoform.Firstly,the structural characteristics of automobile engine hood were analyzed,and the stamping process route involving drawing,trimming,flanging(first flanging-second flanging)was determined.Secondly,taking the maximum thinning rate of material as the index parameter of the excellent process,based on the orthogonal experiment,the dangerous positions during the part forming process were analyzed,and the order of the influence degree of each factor on the forming quality was determined as follows:blank holder force>die clearance>stamping rate.Finally,through simulation and experimental verification,the optimal combination of process parameters were obtained,with the blank holder force being 1800 kN,the die clearance being 1.00 mm,the stamping rate being 4000 mm·s^(-1),which provides a theoretical basis for the actual production and could effectively shorten the production cycle of parts.

关 键 词：汽车发动机罩 冲压工艺 AUTOFORM 减薄率 正交实验 

分 类 号：TG386[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]