低共熔溶剂降解PET制备高值单体研究进展  

Research Progress on PET Degradation via Deep EutecticSolvents for High-value Monomers

作　　者：张振川 李文举 龚伟 申慧滢 吴玉萍 龚治铭 ZHANG Zhenchuan;LI Wenju;GONG Wei;SHEN Huiying;WU Yuping;GONG Zhiming(Guizhou National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Guiyang Guizhou 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省生态环境监测中心,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《广州化工》2025年第5期45-48,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：贵州省生态环境厅科技项目(黔环科[2022]02号)。

摘　　要：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)作为全球产量最高的聚酯材料(年消耗量超7 000万t),其不可生物降解性(自然降解周期长达数百年)及传统化学解聚的高能耗特性,加剧了微塑料污染与资源浪费问题。本文系统综述了低共熔溶剂(Deep Eutectic Solvents, DESs)在PET可控解聚中的最新研究进展,重点分析了DESs作为多功能溶剂/催化剂定向调控PET降解为对苯二甲酸(TPA)、双(2-羟乙基)对苯二甲酸酯(BHET)及对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)等单体的反应机制与工艺优化策略。研究显示,通过组分设计结合微波辅助、酶催化联用等技术,可在温和条件下实现PET高效解聚,并推动降解产物在再生高分子材料、阻燃泡沫等功能化学品中的高附加值化应用,为塑料循环经济体系的构建提供支撑。Polyethylene terephthalate(PET),as the highest-yielding polyester material globally(annual consumption exceeding 70 million tons),has intensified microplastic pollution and resource waste issues due to its non-biodegradable nature(natural degradation cycle spanning centuries)and the high energy consumption characteristics of traditional chemical depolymerization.Recent research advancements in the controlled depolymerization of PET using deep eutectic solvents(DESs),with particular emphasis on analyzing the reaction mechanisms and process optimization strategies through which DESs function as multifunctional solvents/catalysts to directionally regulate PET degradation into monomers such as terephthalic acid(TPA),bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate(BHET),and dimethyl terephthalate(DMT),were reviewed.Research demonstrated that through component design combined with microwave-assisted technology and enzymatic catalysis coupling,efficient PET depolymerization can be achieved under mild conditions.This approach simultaneously promoted high-value applications of degradation products in regenerative polymer materials,flame-retardant foams and functional chemical products,thereby providing crucial technical support for establishing a plastic circular economy system.

关 键 词：低共熔溶剂 PET解聚 对苯二甲酸 双(2-羟乙基)对苯二甲酸酯 微波辅助 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学] O632[理学—高分子化学]