基于CAE优化的汽车中屏罩热流道注塑模具设计  

Designs of Hot Runner Injection Moulds for Car Screen Covers based on Computer Aided Engineering Optimization

作　　者：夏雨[1] 高云霄 王声杭 肖钟理 XIA Yu;GAO Yunxiao;WANG Shenghang;XIAO Zhongli(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Business and Technology Institute,Ningbo 315412,China;Ningbo Gude Mold&Plastic Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315042,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商职业技术学院机电工程学院,浙江宁波315412 [2]宁波固德模塑有限公司,浙江宁波315042

出　　处：《塑料工业》2025年第2期63-70,78,共9页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：浙江省教育厅访问工程师项目(FG2022085);浙江工商职业技术学院精密制造与装备科研创新团队(KYTD202204)。

摘　　要：针对汽车中屏罩塑件为扭曲非规则形状,模腔难以获得均衡充填、内壁附加特征多难以实现自动脱模的注塑成型难题,首先运用计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析手段优化获得了塑件模腔的注塑成型方案,方案中模腔充填浇口优化设置为3个侧浇口,流道采用热流道+冷流道复合式浇注系统。针对充填过程中出现的各分部之间注塑不平衡问题,在充填末端创新地附加开设辅助流动通道,使分部之间注塑不平衡差异减小到5 MPa左右,有效避免了塑件注塑飞边等潜在缺陷的发生。针对塑件难脱模问题,采用脱模方向集成设计法优化设计了21个脱模机构用于塑件的自动化脱模,其中包括14个斜顶机构,1个动模滑块机构和6个直顶块顶出机构。斜顶机构中,在推板顶出行程有限的情况下,将14个斜顶机构优化设计为3种类型的斜顶机构,分别为双斜顶杆增程斜顶机构、单斜顶杆增程斜顶机构和斜顶杆无增程斜顶机构。通过上述优化设计,模具结构设计为一种两板热流道单腔单次开模模具,结构紧凑实用,动作可靠,有效地解决了塑件注塑成型难题。The injection molding challenges are the twisted and irregular shapes of the plastic parts for the car screen covers,which make it difficult to achieve balanced filling of the mold cavity and automatic demoulding due to the numerous additional features on the inner wall.A computer aided engineering(CAE)analysis method was first used to optimize the injection molding schemes for the plastic part mould cavity.The filling gates for the mould cavity were optimized to three side gates,and a composite gating system of hot runner and cold runner was used for the runner.In response to the problem of injection imbalance between different parts during the filling process,an innovative auxiliary flow channel was added at the end of the filling process to reduce the difference in injection imbalance between parts to about 5 MPa,effectively avoiding potential defects such as plastic injection flash.In response to the difficulty in demoulding,a demoulding direction integrated design method was adopted to optimize the designs of 21 demoulding mechanisms for automated demoulding of plastic parts,including fourteen lifter mechanisms,one moving mould slider mechanism,and six straight ejecting block ejection mechanisms.In the lifter mechanisms,because the push plate ejection stroke was limited,the fourteen lifter mechanisms were optimized and designed into three types of lifter mechanisms:double lifter rod extended range lifter mechanism,single lifter rod extended range lifter mechanism,and lifter rod no-extended range lifter mechanism.Through the above optimized designs,the mould structure was designed as a two-plate and hot runner,single cavity,and single opening,which was compact and practical in structures,reliable in actions,effectively solving the problems of plastic injection molding.

关 键 词：汽车中屏罩 CAE分析 注塑成型 注塑平衡 注塑工艺参数 模具结构设计 

分 类 号：TQ320.662[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]