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作 者:张皓越 黄橙紫 彭源德[1] 周映君 龚文兵[1] 谢纯良[1] ZHANG Haoyue;HUANG Chengzi;PENG Yuande;ZHOU Yingjun;GONG Wenbing;XIE Chunliang(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410205,China)
出 处:《农业工程学报》2025年第3期301-308,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基 金:国家麻类产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-16);湖南省科技重大专项(2021NK1010-3);中国农业科学院麻类研究所科技创新工程重大任务专项(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IBFC);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610242023005);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2022RC1151)。
摘 要:为获得菌丝复合材料抗压性能的最佳工艺参数,该研究以压缩强度为评价指标,通过筛选与优化试验研究了真菌菌株、培养基质、基质粒径和接种量对菌丝复合材料抗压性能的影响。结果表明,采用Ganoderma resinaceum为供试菌株、芦苇秆与玉米芯为复配基质,在基质粒径为0.075~2.000 mm、接种量为7.5%的工艺参数下能制得压缩强度较高的菌丝复合材料,其10%相对形变的压缩强度达到190.99 kPa,为18.0 kg/m^(3)聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的1.90倍。该研究结果可为制备环保可降解菌丝包装材料提供参考,同时对提高芦苇秆等农业废弃物的综合利用率具有一定的实际意义。Agricultural straw (such as reed straw) has been underutilized to result in wasted resources and environmental pollution in recent years.A novel biodegradable packaging material,mycelium composite material can be expected to replace the foamed plastics.Fungi strains are also used to degrade agricultural straw,in order to improve the utilization rate of agricultural straw.This study aims to optimize the preparation process of mycelium composite materials with high compressive properties.A systematic investigation was implemented on the effects of fungi strains,inoculum amounts,substrate types,and particle sizes on the compressive property of mycelium composite material using compressive strength as the evaluation index.A total of ten fungi strains were selected,including Ganoderma resinaceum,Pleurotus ostreatus,Pleurotus sajor-caju,Trametes sanguinea,Pleurotus geesteranus,Flammulina filiformis,Agrocybe aegerita,Pholiota squamosa,Lentinus edodes,and Hericium erinaceus.The fungi strains were inoculated into kenaf and cottonseed hull compound substrate,in order to cultivate mycelium composite material.Results showed that the compressive strength of Ganoderma resinaceum group was significantly higher than the rest strains,due mainly to the compact external mycelial layer and tight hyphal network.The high growth rate was also attributed to a more compact mycelium network structure.Ganoderma resinaceum was inoculated into 17substrates,including noil,kenaf,reed straw,cottonseed hull,corn cob,sawdust,and eleven compound substrates composed of the above six raw materials.The best compressive strength was achieved in the RCC group (reed straw and corn cob).The reason was that the reed straw and corn cob were provided the appropriate void structure and sufficient nutrients,which was conducive to the dense hyphal network.Then Ganoderma resinaceum was inoculated into RCC for the particle sizes and inoculum amounts.The highest compressive strength was achieved in the substrate with a wide range of particle sizes (0.075-2.000 mm
关 键 词:抗压强度 农业废弃物 生物质 制备工艺 菌丝复合材料
分 类 号:R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]
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