羧甲基壳聚糖增效大豆蛋白绿色纺织浆料及其浆纱应用  

Carboxymethyl chitosan synergistic soybean protein green textile sizing agent and its sizing application

作　　者：程美如 孟璟 周子瑜 赵奕 CHENG Meiru;MENG Jing;ZHOU Ziyu;ZHAO Yi(College of Textile,Donghua University,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201600

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2025年第1期82-92,共11页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(22378057)。

摘　　要：为解决大豆蛋白浆膜脆性大、延展性和韧性较差,浆膜在纱线卷绕过程中易碎裂问题,采取多糖诱导大豆蛋白分子二级结构策略,促使大豆蛋白在羧甲基壳聚糖的诱导下,二级结构由α-螺旋转变成β-转角和β-折叠,并形成分子缔合,得到全绿色大豆蛋白基纺织浆料。对其浆液进行黏度测试,对浆膜进行拉伸性能测试以及红外光谱分析,浆纱进行力学性能测试、毛羽测试、形貌分析和退浆率测试。结果表明:在羧甲基壳聚糖质量分数为0.6%、搅拌时间90 min、搅拌温度90℃条件下制备出的浆料黏度为2.966 cP;与纯大豆蛋白相比,大豆蛋白-羧甲基壳聚糖浆膜的断裂强度和断裂功分别提高57.14%、174.88%,断裂伸长率也相应提高;上浆后的棉、涤棉和涤纶的断裂强度分别提高34.98%、35.85%、20.41%;棉、涤棉、涤纶毛羽降低率分别提高71.42%、59.72%、137.89%;在退浆工序中,常温下棉、涤棉、涤纶的退浆率分别达到94.97%、97.8%、95.52%。羧甲基壳聚糖增效后,大豆蛋白浆膜脆性大、韧性差的问题得到改善;上浆后纱线的断裂强度增大,毛羽率降低。In order to solve the problem of high brittleness,poor ductility and toughness of soybean protein serosal film and easy fragmentation of serosal film in yarn winding process,the strategy of polysaccharide-induced secondary structure of soybean protein molecule was adopted to promote the secondary structure of soybean protein to change fromα-helix toβ-turn andβ-sheet under the induction of carboxymethyl chitosan,and form molecular association to obtain green soybean protein-based textile sizing.The viscosity test,tensile property test and infrared spectrum analysis of the sizing film were carried out.The mechanical properties test,hairiness test,morphology analysis and desizing rate test of the sizing yarn were carried out.The results show that the viscosity of the sizing prepared under the conditions of carboxymethyl chitosan concentration of 0.6%,stirring time of 90 min and stirring temperature of 90℃is 2.966 cP.Compared with pure soy protein,the breaking strength and breaking work of soy protein-carboxymethyl chitosan film were increased by 57.14%and 174.88%,respectively.The elongation at break also increases accordingly,and the problems of high brittleness and poor toughness of pure soybean protein film improved.After sizing,the breaking strength of cotton,polyester cotton and polyester increased by 34.98%,35.85%and 20.41%respectively.The hairiness reduction rates of cotton,polyester cotton and polyester increase by 71.42%,59.72%and 137.89%,respectively.In the desizing process,the desizing rates of cotton,polyester cotton and polyester at room temperature reach 94.97%,97.8%and 95.52%,respectively.It can be seen that the problem of high brittleness and poor toughness of soybean protein plasma membrane after carboxymethyl chitosan synergistic is improved.After sizing,the breaking strength of the yarn is enhanced and the hairiness rate is reduced.

关 键 词：大豆分离蛋白 羧甲基壳聚糖 纺织浆料 断裂强度 

分 类 号：TS103.846[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]