口腔癌手术患者心理社会适应状况的研究进展  

Research progress on psychosocial adjustment in patients undergoing oral cancer surgery

作　　者：张郁璇 张雯露 张静平[2] 罗姜 张丹 Zhang Yuxuan;Zhang Wenlu;Zhang Jingping;Luo Jiang;Zhang Dan(Xiangya Stomatological Hospital,Xiangya School of Stomatology,Central South University,Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research,Changsha 410008,China;Xiangya School of Nursing,Central South University,Changsha 410013,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中南大学湘雅口腔医院护理部/中南大学湘雅口腔医学院/口腔健康研究湖南省重点实验室,长沙410008 [2]中南大学湘雅护理学院,长沙410013

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第8期636-640,F0003,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：湖南中南大学湘雅口腔医院护理管理、人员科研启动基金(2024HG02)。

摘　　要：口腔癌是原发性头颈部肿瘤中发病率最高且预后较差的恶性肿瘤,术后患者常合并手术瘢痕、吞咽障碍、咀嚼困难、语言功能障碍等,给患者带来沉重的生理和心理负担,使得其患癌后重返社会适应性普遍较差。患者治疗时的角色转换、吞咽功能、生命质量、社交变化等因素会影响其心理社会适应功能。心理社会适应能力的提升有助于激发患者的内在潜能,改善其心理状态,使其适应疾病带来的改变,从而促进其身心健康。本文通过回顾国内外护理干预措施如围手术期护理干预、延续性护理干预、美容护理等,分析有效提高口腔癌手术患者术后心理社会适应的方法,为今后制订出科学有效的口腔癌心理社会适应干预方案提供理论基础。Oral cancer is a malignant tumor with poor incidence and prognosis among primary head and neck tumors,and postoperative patients are often combined with surgical scar,dysphagia,mastication difficulties,and speech dysfunction,which bring heavy physiological and psychological burdens to the patients,and make their reintegration into the society after cancer generally poorly adapted.Factors such as patients'role transition,swallowing function,life and social changes during treatment will affect their psychosocial adaptive function.The enhancement of psychosocial adaptive ability helps to stimulate patients'intrinsic potential,improve their psychological state,and enable them to adapt to the changes brought by the disease,thus promoting their physical and mental health.In this paper,we review domestic and international nursing interventions such as perioperative nursing interventions,continuity nursing interventions,and cosmetic nursing to effectively improve patients'postoperative psychosocial adaptations,and provide a theoretical basis for the future development of a scientific and effective intervention program for psychosocial adaptations in oral cancer.

关 键 词：口腔肿瘤 社会适应 心心理社会干预 :影响因素分析 综述 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]