纳米镁肥降低土壤镁淋洗的机制探究  

Investigation on the Mechanism of Reducing Soil Magnesium Leaching by Nano-Magnesium Fertilizer

作　　者：夏铭阳 梁怡 刘敦一 XIA Mingyang;LIANG Yi;LIU Dunyi(School of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2025年第1期16-24,共9页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31902117);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(SWU-KQ22060)。

摘　　要：镁素淋洗是黄壤缺镁的主要原因之一。通过室内土柱模拟淋洗实验探究纳米镁肥减少镁淋洗的机制和原理,以期为用纳米镁肥缓解黄壤镁淋洗提供依据。结果表明,施用等量镁肥(折合MgO 2.4 g/kg)后,纳米氢氧化镁处理显著降低淋洗液镁离子浓度和镁淋洗量,较常规氢氧化镁镁淋洗量降低25.93%;硫酸镁处理在土壤中表现出较强的迁移能力和释放能力。分析镁离子吸附和土壤颗粒净作用力发现,纳米镁肥处理增强了土壤颗粒对镁离子和水分的吸附能力,增大了土壤颗粒1 nm距离净作用力,从而降低了镁元素的淋洗。综合对镁淋洗特征、水分迁移、吸附能力和微观性质的影响,施用纳米氢氧化镁是降低土壤镁淋洗的有效措施。Magnesium (Mg) leaching is one of the main reasons for magnesium deficiency in yellow soils.Indoor soil column leaching experiments were conducted to explore the mechanisms and principles by which nano-Mg fertilizer reduces Mg leaching,with the aim of providing a basis for using nano-Mg fertilizer to alleviate Mg leaching in yellow soils.The results show that after the application of an equivalent amount of Mg fertilizer (2.4 g/kg Mg O),nanoMg(OH)_(2treatment) significantly reduced the concentration of Mg~(2+) and the amount of Mg leaching in the leachate,with a 25.93%reduction in Mg leaching compared to conventional Mg(OH)_2;MgSO_(4) treatment exhibited a strong migration and release capacity in the soil.Analysis of Mg~(2+) adsorption and the net forces acting on soil particles revealed that nano-Mg fertilizer treatment enhanced the soil particles′adsorption capacity for Mg~(2+) and moisture,and increased the net force at a distance of 1nm between soil particles,thereby reducing the leaching of Mg.Considering the characteristics of Mg~(2+) leaching,moisture migration,adsorption capacity,and micro-properties,the application of nano-Mg(OH)_(2) is an effective measure to reduce soil magnesium leaching.

关 键 词：镁淋洗 纳米镁肥 水分迁移 土壤颗粒静作用力 

分 类 号：S143.72[农业科学—肥料学]