山药贮藏期内不同病害病原菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of pathogens of yam different diseases during storage stage

作　　者：郑晓华 常惠 陈雪 沈丹宇[3] 刘谦[2] 刘红燕[4] ZHENG Xiao-hua;CHANG Hui;CHEN Xue;SHEN Dan-yu;LIU Qian;LIU Hong-yan(Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;College of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Experimental Center,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学中医药创新研究院,济南250355 [2]山东中医药大学药学院,济南250355 [3]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210095 [4]山东中医药大学实验中心,济南250355

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第1期125-134,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确引起山药贮藏期常见病害的病原菌种类,为有效保护山药资源提供理论基础。【方法】采用组织分离法分离、纯化病原菌,采用形态学及分子生物学技术对病原菌进行鉴定,并接种到健康山药块茎上进行致病性测定。【结果】山药贮藏期病害为腐烂病和斑点病,通过对病害组织的微生物进行分离纯化,共获得53株菌株,经ITS序列分析发现共涉及8个属,14个种。对以上真菌进行致病性测定发现,其中有6种真菌具有致病性,分别鉴定为交链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、藤仓镰刀菌(Fusarium fujikuroi)、层出镰刀菌(Fusarium proliferatum)、腐皮镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)、产核青霉(Penicillium sclerotigenum)、土栖棘壳孢菌(Setophoma terrestris),其中优势病原菌为交链格孢菌,也是引起褐斑病的主要病原菌。同时针对山药贮藏期间主要病害发生规律,提出对其的综合防治办法。【结论】进一步明确在储藏期间引起山药病害的主要病原菌种类,为探究贮藏期山药病害的有效防治措施奠定基础。【Objective】 The paper aimed to clarify the pathogenic bacterial species that cause common morbidity diseases during storage of yam, and to provide a theoretical basis for effective conservation of yam resources.【Method】Tissue isolation method was used to isolate and purify the pathogenic bacteria, morphological and molecular biology techniques were used for their identification, and healthy yam tubers were inoculated for pathogenicity determination.【Result】The storage-phase diseases of yam were rot diseases and spot diseases, from which 53 strains of fungi were isolated, involving 8 genera and 14 species by the ITS sequence analysis, among which 6 species of fungi were pathogenic through pathogenicity assays, identified as Alternaria alternata,Fusarium fujikuroi,Fusarium proliferatum,Fusarium solani,Penicillium sclerotigenum,Setophoma terrestris,the dominant pathogen during the storage period of yam was initially identified as A.alternata,which was also the main pathogen causing brown spot.At the same time, for the yam storage period of the main disease occurrence pattern, put forward to its comprehensive control methods.【Conclusion】The paper further clarifies the pathogen species that cause yam disease during storage, which lays the foundation for exploring effective control measures for yam diseases during storage.

关 键 词：山药 贮藏期 病原菌 交链格孢菌 致病性 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]