牙周炎不同发展阶段牙周膜微环境中生化因素与力学因素的变化  

Changes of biochemical and biophysical factors in the periodontal ligamentmicroenvironment at different stages of periodontitis development

作　　者：万婉婷 傅玉婷 王译婕 邹蕊[1,2,4] WAN Wanting;FU Yuting;WANG Yijie;ZOU Rui(Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research,Hospital of Stomatology Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710004;Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases,Hospital of Stomatology Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710004;Department of Children’s Dentofacial Development Management,Hospital of Stomatology Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710004;Department of Teenagers’Dentofacial Development Management,Hospital of Stomatology Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710004,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学口腔医院陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室,陕西西安710004 [2]西安交通大学口腔医院陕西省牙颌疾病临床研究中心,陕西西安710004 [3]西安交通大学口腔医院儿童牙颌颜面发育管理专科,陕西西安710004 [4]西安交通大学口腔医院青少年牙颌颜面发育管理专科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报(医学版)》2025年第2期265-273,共9页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82370997,No.82401167);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(No.2024JC-YBQN-0959)。

摘　　要：目的探究牙周炎不同阶段牙周膜微环境生化因素(IL-1β、TGF-β1)与力学因素的变化规律。方法构建大鼠不同发展阶段的牙周炎模型(牙周炎发展早期和晚期),通过检测牙周膜内生化因子(IL-1β和TGF-β1)和牙周膜刚度变化,确定在体牙周炎微环境中生化因素和力学因素的变化规律。结果对于生化因子来说,牙周炎发生早期生长因子TGF-β1处于高水平状态,而炎症因子IL-1β含量较正常状态略有增高,但表达水平较低。随着炎症的发展,牙周炎晚期TGF-β1表达受到抑制,显著下降(晚期11.34±2.91 vs.早期20.41±2.64,P<0.01);相反,IL-1β的表达显著升高(晚期18.77±3.36 vs.早期8.24±1.47,P<0.01)。对于力学因素,牙周膜刚度与力学信号通路关键蛋白整合素α_vβ_3的表达随着牙周炎的发展而逐渐降低。另外,干细胞成骨分化能力在牙周炎晚期显著降低(晚期12.47±2.83 vs.早期21.15±4.38,P<0.05)。结论TGF-β1在牙周炎早期表达较高,可能参与维持牙周稳定,而晚期表达降低;IL-1β在晚期显著升高,可能抑制牙周成骨;力学因素基质刚度与整合素α_vβ_3表达随牙周炎发展逐渐降低,可能影响骨组织修复。Objective To investigate the patterns of changes in biochemical factors(IL-1βand TGF-β1)and biophysical factors within the periodontal ligament microenvironment at different stages of periodontitis development.Methods Periodontitis models at different stages of development(early and late stages)were constructed in rats.The changes in the periodontal ligament microenvironment were determined by detecting biochemical factors(IL-1βand TGF-β1)and changes in periodontal ligament stiffness.Results Regarding biochemical factors,the growth factor TGF-β1 was at a high level in the early stage of periodontitis,while the inflammatory factor(IL-1β)was slightly increased compared to the normal state,but expressed at a low level.As the inflammation progressed,the expression of TGF-β1 was suppressed and significantly decreased in the late stage of periodontitis(late stage:11.34±2.91 vs.early stage:20.41±2.64,P<0.01).In contrast,the expression of(IL-1β)significantly increased(late stage:18.77±3.36 vs.early stage:8.24±1.47,P<0.01).Regarding biophysical factors,the stiffness of the periodontal ligament and the expression of the key protein integrinαvβ3 in the mechanical signaling pathway gradually decreased with the development of periodontitis.Additionally,the osteogenic differentiation capacity of stem cells significantly decreased in the late stage of periodontitis(late stage:12.47±2.83 vs.early stage:21.15±4.38,P<0.05).Conclusion TGF-β1 may play a role in promoting periodontal tissue repair and maintaining physiological stability in normal and early stages of periodontitis,while the increased expression of(IL-1β)in the late stage of periodontitis may inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells,leading to bone loss.Biophysical factors,including matrix stiffness and integrinαvβ3 expression,gradually decrease with the progression of periodontitis,potentially affecting bone tissue repair.

关 键 词：牙周炎 微环境 生化因素 力学因素 成骨分化 

分 类 号：R781.42[医药卫生—口腔医学]