基于线粒体COⅠ基因的湖南省棉叶蝉种群遗传多样性研究  

Study on the genetic diversity of Amrasca biguttula population in Hunan Province based on mtDNA COⅠgene

作　　者：刘冰蕾 王永波[1] 张正云 杨彬 李彩红[1] Liu Binglei;Wang Yongbo;Zhang Zhengyun;Yang Bin;Li Caihong(Hunan Cotton Science Institute,Changde,Hunan 415101,China;College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省棉花科学研究所,湖南常德415101 [2]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《棉花学报》2025年第1期59-70,共12页Cotton Science

基　　金：湖南省科技创新计划(2023NK2015);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-15-38)。

摘　　要：【目的】棉叶蝉(Amrasca biguttula)在湖南省棉田发生日趋严重,旨在解析当地棉叶蝉的遗传多样性与遗传分化。【方法】2023年在湖南省采集了14个棉叶蝉地理种群样本,基于聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)获得的线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)细胞色素c氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(cytochrome c oxidase subunitⅠ,COⅠ)基因序列,利用MEGA 7.0、DnaSP 6.1、Arlequin 3.5和Network 10.2等软件对湖南省14个棉叶蝉地理种群的遗传多样性、遗传分化、种群动态和系统进化等进行分析。【结果】在140头棉叶蝉个体中扩增获得长度为568 bp的mtDNA COⅠ序列。共检测到14个单倍型(Hap1~Hap14),其中Hap1被所有种群共享,其发生频率达87.86%,是原始单倍型。棉叶蝉群体的单倍型多样性指数为0.22695,核苷酸多样性为0.00052,核苷酸平均差异数为0.29625。各单倍型间的遗传距离为0.00176~0.00709。棉叶蝉群体的遗传分化程度低(遗传分化系数为0.01684),基因交流频繁(基因流为29.19)。分子方差分析结果表明遗传变异主要来自种群内。棉叶蝉群体Tajima’D、Fu and Li’s D和Fu and Li’s F中性检验结果均为负值且显著,表明湖南省棉叶蝉种群正在经历扩张。【结论】湖南省棉叶蝉种群遗传多样性水平较低,种群基因交流频繁,遗传分化程度低,群体正在经历扩张,应该采取积极的监测和防控措施,保障湖南省棉花产业的健康发展。[Objective]The occurrence of Amrasca biguttula in the cotton field of Hunan Province is increasingly growing.The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of A.biguttula in Hunan Province.[Methods]In 2023,14 geographical population samples of A.biguttula were collected in Hunan Province.Based on the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)cytochrome c oxidase subunitⅠ(COⅠ)gene sequences obtained by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),the genetic diversity,genetic differentiation,population dynamics,and systematic evolution of the 14 geographical populations of A.biguttula in Hunan Province were analyzed using MEGA 7.0,DnaSP 6.1,Arlequin 3.5,Network 10.2,and other softwares.[Results]The mtDNA COⅠsequences of 568 bp were obtained from 140 individuals by PCR.A total of 14 haplotypes(Hap1-Hap14)were detected,among which Hap1 was shared by all populations.Hapl had a frequency of 87.86%,and was the original haplotype.The haplotype diversity index of the whole A.biguttula community was 0.22695,the nucleotide diversity was 0.00052,and the average number of nucleotide difference was 0.29625.The genetic distance between haplotypes ranged 0.00176 to 0.00709.The whole A.biguttula community had a low degree of genetic differentiation(the genetic differentiation coefficient is 0.01684),and active gene exchange(the gene flow is 29.19).Molecular variance analysis(AMOVA)results indicated that genetic variation mainly originated within the population.The Tajima's D,Fu and Li's D,and Fu and Li's F neutral tests for the whole A.biguttula community were significantly negative,suggesting that the A.biguttula population in Hunan Province is undergoing expansion.[Conclusion]The geographical population of A.biguttula in Hunan Province showed low genetic diversity,active gene exchange,and low genetic differentiation;and the total population is experiencing obvious expansion.Active monitoring and control measures should be taken to ensure the healthy development of cotton industry in Hunan Province.

关 键 词：棉叶蝉 线粒体COⅠ基因 地理种群 遗传多样性 湖南省 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]