基于山东省60年气象资料的六气交司时日研究  

Study on Governing Period of Six Qi Based on 60-Year Meteorological Data in Shandong Province

作　　者：高寰宇 金铸钰 宋咏梅 GAO Huanyu;JIN Zhuyu;SONG Yongmei(Institute of Chinese Medical Literature and Culture,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Qingdao Institute of Marine Meteorology,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学中医文献与文化研究院,山东济南250355 [2]青岛海洋气象研究院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《山东中医药大学学报》2025年第2期179-183,248,共6页Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：教育部社会科学司中华优秀传统文化专项课题(A类)重大项目(编号:23JDTCA052)。

摘　　要：目的:基于客观气象数据,比较大寒和立春分别作为六气交司时日的合理性。方法:从中国气象数据网获取山东省域内1962年至2021年的气象资料,求取每日平均2 m空气温度(t2m)、平均2 m露点温度(d2m)、总降水量(tp)、平均10 m风速(uv10),分别以大寒和立春为六气交司时日,逐年汇总六步时段的气象数据。将《素问·六元正纪大论》所载气候特征进行标准化处理,通过比对均值和变异系数,统计两组气象数据与经文的吻合情况。结果:两种划分方式下气象数据差异度约为62%,其中t2m、d2m的差异率均大于80%。60年中出现吻合比率>1.25的年数为37,<0.75的年数为20,0.75至1.25之间的年数为3。结论:比较60年大寒和立春为起始的气象数据,以大寒为六气交司时日更符合实际情况。Objective:To compare the rationality of the Great Cold and the Beginning of Spring as the governing period of six qi based on the objective meteorological data.Methods:The meteorological data in Shandong Province from 1962 to 2021 were obtained from the China Meteorological Data Network.The daily average air temperature at 2 m(t2m),average dew point temperature at 2 m(d2m),total precipitation(tp),and average wind speed at 10 m(uv10)were obtained.Taking the Great Cold and the Beginning of Spring as the governing period of six qi respectively,the meteorological data of the six periods were summarized year by year.The climatic characteristics in the Simple Conversation·Major Discussion on the Progress of the Six Climatic Changes were standar-dized,and the consistency between the two groups of meteorological data and the text was analyzed by comparing the mean and coefficient of variation.Results:The difference rate of meteorological data under the two classification methods was approxi-mately 62%,and the difference rate of t2m and d2m was more than 80%.During the past 60 years,37 years had the coincidence ratio>1.25,20 years had the coincidence ratio<0.75,and 3 years had the coincidence ratio between 0.75 and 1.25.Conclusions:Comparing the meteorological data starting from the Great Cold and the beginning of Spring in the past 60 years,it is more consistent with the actual situation to take the Great Cold as the governing period of six qi.

关 键 词：六气交司时日 大寒 立春 气象数据 山东省 

分 类 号：R226[医药卫生—中医基础理论]