可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计综述  

A review of aerodynamic design for hover-capable flapping-wing micro air vehicles

作　　者：程诚 陈隆 张艳来[1] 吴江浩[1] CHENG Cheng;CHEN Long;ZHANG Yanlai;WU Jianghao(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2025年第2期1-26,I0001,共27页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(12072013)。

摘　　要：可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器以昆虫或蜂鸟为仿生对象,具有可悬停、气动效率高、隐蔽性强等特点,应用前景广阔。然而现有仿生扑翼微型飞行器的气动力和气动效率与生物对象仍有较大差距,影响了续航和负载能力,限制了其实际应用场景。本文综述了可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器的研究现状、气动分析方法、生物高升力机理及其应用,重点梳理了实现扑翼高升力、高气动效率、低噪声等的关键设计方案,并分析了这些设计参数对飞行器性能的影响规律。最后,展望了可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计的未来发展方向,为后续研究提供参考和借鉴。Hover-capable flapping-wing micro air vehicles(FWMAVs),inspired by insects or hummingbirds,exhibit remarkable flight characteristics such as hovering capability,high aerodynamic efficiency at low Reynolds numbers,and strong stealthiness,offering diverse potential applications in disaster rescue,emergency response,and environmental monitoring.However,the aerodynamic forces and efficiency of their flapping wings still lag considerably behind those of their biological counterparts,adversely affecting the endurance and payload capacity of FWMAVs and significantly limiting their practical applications.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of hover-capable FWMAVs,with a focus on current research progress,theoretical and experimental methods for aerodynamic analysis,the high-lift mechanisms of insects and their applications in FWMAVs,as well as aerodynamic design methods and performance evaluation of flapping wings.The review highlights key design parameters for achieving high lift,high aerodynamic efficiency,and low noise,and elucidates the impact of these parameters on the performance of FWMAVs.Finally,future trends in aerodynamic design for hover-capable FWMAVs are discussed,offering valuable guidance for future research in this field.

关 键 词：扑翼微型飞行器 气动设计 仿生扑翼 空气动力学 可悬停飞行 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V279.2