基于FPGA的自适应白平衡算法实现  

Implementation of adaptive white balance algorithm based on FPGA

作　　者：周倩 李建伟[1] 裴浩东[1] Zhou Qian;Li Jianwei;Pei Haodong(Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2025年第3期35-42,共8页Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：针对自动白平衡算法(AWB)存在适用场景有限等问题,提出了一种基于直方图调整的自适应白平衡算法,并使用现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)对提出算法进行硬件实现,满足嵌入式系统实时处理需求。算法通过统计彩色图像不同颜色通道的直方图,利用通道间直方图形态相似度作为判断条件,结合自适应直方图调整策略对不同场景图像进行白平衡校正。实验结果表明,该算法在色彩丰富及含有大面积单色块的图像场景中均表现出良好的适应性。与传统白平衡算法相比,图像色彩还原效果明显,校准正确率平均提高6%,且能在嵌入式设备上以1 280×720@30 fps的分辨率实现实时处理,工程应用前景良好。In response to the problems such as the limited applicable scenarios of the automatic white balance algorithm(AWB),an adaptive white balance algorithm based on histogram adjustment is proposed,and the proposed algorithm is implemented in hardware using a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)to meet the real-time processing requirements of embedded systems.The algorithm statistically calculates the histograms of different color channels in a color image,uses the similarity of histogram shapes between channels as the judgment condition,and combines an adaptive histogram adjustment strategy to perform white balance correction for images in different scenes.The experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm exhibits excellent adaptability in both colorful and image scenarios containing large areas of monochromatic blocks.Compared with traditional white balance algorithms,the image color restoration effect is remarkable,the average accuracy of calibration is increased by 6%,and it can achieve real-time processing at a resolution of 1280×720@30 fps on embedded devices,presenting a promising prospect for engineering applications.

关 键 词：白平衡 FPGA 颜色直方图 嵌入式 实时处理 

分 类 号：TN791[电子电信—电路与系统] TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]