施肥处理对茶叶产量、品质以及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Treatments on Tea Yield and Quality and Nutrient Absorption

作　　者：焦婷婷 赵远艳 陈红艳 夏瑞萍 冯尚文 文勤枢 黄芬 李新园 苏小娟 刘春艳 JIAO Tingting;ZHAO Yuanyan;CHEN Hongyan;XIA Ruiping;FENG Shangwen;WEN Qinshu;HUANG Fen;LI Xinyuan;SU Xiaojuan;LIU Chunyan(College of Tea Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Tea Research Institute,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu'er 665000,China;Pu'er Tea Scientific Research Institute,Pu'er 665000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学茶学院,云南昆明650000 [2]云南农业大学茶叶研究所,云南普洱665000 [3]普洱市茶叶科学研究所,云南普洱665000

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2025年第1期34-40,共7页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：云南特异茶树资源高效利用研究(202202AE090030)。

摘　　要：以不施肥为对照,减施化肥、常规施肥、有机肥化肥配施为处理,探究不同施肥处理对不同季节茶叶产量、品质以及养分吸收的影响,旨在为茶园土壤化肥减施、有机配肥以及提升茶叶品质提供技术支持。结果表明,减施化肥处理(T1)茶叶产量显著高于其他处理,T1处理和有机氮30%+无机氮70%处理T3能提高茶树新梢与成熟叶有机碳和全氮含量,降低茶树新梢和成熟叶碳氮比(C/N);与对照相比,T1处理能提高茶树新梢的氨基酸含量,降低茶多酚含量,T3处理使氨基酸含量和茶多酚含量均有所提高,品质指标及其养分吸收之间存在显著或极显著的相关性,其中有机碳(新梢)、全氮(新梢)含量与各指标之间具有显著相关性。减施化肥(T1)能显著提高茶叶产量,减施化肥(T1)和70%无机氮肥配施30%有机氮肥处理(T3)均有利于提高茶叶品质。The experiment took no fertilization as control,reducing chemical fertilizer,conventional fertilization,and combining organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer as treatments,to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on yield,quality and nutrient absorption in different seasons.The aim is to provide fertilization technical support for reducing chemical fertilizer in tea plantation soil,combining organic fertilizer,and improving tea quality.The results showed that the yield of tea with the reduced chemical fertilizer treatment(T1)was significantly higher than that of other treatments,T1 and T3 treatments could increase the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen in new shoots and mature leaves of tea trees,and reduce the C/N ratio of new shoots and mature leaves of tea trees.Compared with the control,T1 treatment could increase the amino acid content and reduce the tea polyphenols content of new shoots of tea trees,and both of the amino acid content and the tea polyphenols content of T3 treatment have been increased,and there is a significant or extremely significant correlation between quality indexes and nutrient absorption,among which organic carbon(shoots)and total nitrogen(shoots)are significantly correlated with each indicator.The reduction of chemical fertilizer(T1)could significantly increase tea yield,and the reduction of chemical fertilizer(T1)and combining 70%of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer with 30%of organic nitrogen fertilizer(T2)were both beneficial to the improvement of tea quality.

关 键 词：茶树 施肥 茶叶产量 茶叶品质 碳氮含量 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]