Middle-class risk perception of disasters and land reclamation in Metro Manila,Philippines  

作　　者：Ven Paolo Bruno Valenzuela Miguel Esteban Motoharu Onuki 

机构地区：[1]Asia Research Institute,National University of Singapore,Singapore,Singapore [2]Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering,Waseda University,Tokyo,Japan [3]Department of International Studies,Graduate School of Frontier Sciences,The University of Tokyo,Kashiwa,Chiba,Japan

出　　处：《Anthropocene Coasts》2023年第1期145-163,共19页人新世海岸(英文)

基　　金：supported by the Graduate Program in Sustainability Science Global Leadership Initiative of the University of Tokyo and the Monbukagakusho(MEXT)Japanese Government Scholarship;supported by the Social Dimensions of Climate Change Adaptation and Coastal Reclamation:Comparative Prospects in Urban Asia Project funded through the Short-Term Seed Grants for Collaborative Research on Asia by Social the Science Research Council(U.S.A.);the Henry Luce Foundation.

摘　　要：The United Nations estimate that by 2030 about half of the world’s population would be comprised of the middle-class,who mostly live in the increasing number of megacities around the world.Southeast Asian megacities,such as Metropolitan Manila,have long been troubled by rapid urbanization,increasing disaster risk,and the looming impacts of climate change.As a response,there is a growing focus on disaster and climate resilient policies in megacities,most of which have only centered on how future disasters and climate uncertainty would impact vulnerable communities.This has resulted in policies that cater towards relocation of the poor to combat disasters and climate change.This exploratory study attempts to elucidate how the middle-class views disasters and land reclamation in Metro Manila,the Philippines.Using an online questionnaire survey of 425 middle-class respondents,the study shows that middle-class perception of risk potentially amplifies vulnerability and reduces the resilience of the poor.While knowledge about the risks is high,the capacity of the middle class to act is low,especially compared to vulnerable communities.Also,climate change and disasters are viewed primarily as environmental issues,which is compounded by inadequate defenses.Land reclamation,along with coastal informal settlements,are viewed as an intrusion into the environment.This study finds that the middle-class’s perception of risk may marginalize the poor by favoring eviction of vulnerable communities in coastal areas,including those targeted for land reclamation,under the pretext of controlling the city’s population growth and environmental impact.

关 键 词：Middle-class PERCEPTION Disaster risk reduction Climate change URBANIZATION RECLAMATION 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]