利用GIS方法评价新泰地区矿山地质环境及生态修复效果  

GIS Method Was Used to Evaluate the Geological Environment and Ecological Restoration Effect of Mines in Xintai Area

作　　者：刘一粟 李晓晖 曹运江[2] LIU Yisu;LI Xiaohui;CAO Yunjiang(Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,River Mining Geology Institute,Dongying 257000,Shandong,China;School of Earth Science and Spatial Information Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化胜利油田有限公司河采地质所,山东东营257000 [2]湖南科技大学地球科学与空间信息工程学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《科技和产业》2025年第5期130-134,共5页Science Technology and Industry

摘　　要：由于过度开山采矿,以及缺少完善合适的矿山修复措施,导致新泰地区部分村庄出现压煤采空区及岩溶塌陷区。通过实地勘察和民意调查,基于GIS(地理信息系统)及Origin综合3大类型8种评价因子对矿山地质环境进行评价。以工程岩组地层岩性为底图进行新泰重大采煤压空乡镇地质环境等级评价制图。结果表明,新泰地区矿山环境一般,可以根据评价结果对新泰地区依据乡镇为单元进行针对性修复及生态治理。利用GIS和Origin及协同矩阵计算方法对新泰地区各乡镇矿山环境进行评价,发现汶南镇的矿山地质环境质量相对而言最差,评价等级为较差,其他乡镇等级结果为一般。矿山生态修复和土地生态利用是重要的环境保护措施,建议通过植被恢复和绿化、土壤改良和保育、合理利用水资源、保护生物多样性、土地再利用和综合开发、结构梯度恢复等手段恢复矿山环境,整理土地和进行城市规划。研究方法可应用于其他矿山地质环境评价。Due to the excessive mining and the lack of perfect and suitable mine restoration measures,some villages in Xintai area have coal goaf and karst collapse area.Through field investigation and public opinion survey,GIS(geographic information system)technology and Origin comprehensive three types of eight evaluation factors were used to evaluate the mine geological environment.With the engineering rock group stratigraphic lithology as the base map for the evaluation of the geological environment of Xintai major coal mining and hollowing township geological environment grade mapping,the results show that the mine environment in Xintai area is average.According to the evaluation results,targeted restoration and ecological management can be carried out in Xintai area according to the township as a unit.After using GIS and Origin and synergy matrixcalculation methods to evaluate the mine environment of each township in Xintai area,it is found that the mine geological environment quality of Wennan Town is relatively the worst,and the evaluation grade is poor,while the results of other township grades are average.Mine ecological restoration and land ecological utilization are important environmental protection measures,and it is recommended to restore the mine environment,organize land and carry out urban planning through vegetation restoration and greening,soil improvement and conservation,rational use of water resources,protection of biodiversity,land reuse and comprehensive development,and structural gradient restoration.The research method can be applied to the geological environment assessment of other mines.

关 键 词：GIS(地理信息系统) 矿山环境 压煤采矿 土地规划 新泰地区 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]