鄱阳湖运积型地质高背景区根系土-农作物Cd富集特征及生物有效性  

Cd Enrichment Characteristics and Bioavailability of Soil-crops in the Migration Type Geological High Background Area of Poyang Lake,Jiangxi Province

作　　者：文帮勇 郄海满 高园 姜宏裕 周强强 WEN Bang-yong;QIE Hai-man;GAO Yuan;JIANG Hong-yu;ZHOU Qiang-qiang(Basic Geological Survey Institute of Jiangxi Geological Survey and Exploration Institute,Nanchang 330030,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving Around Poyang Lake of Ministry of Natural Resources,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Jiangxi Nonferrous Geological Mineral Exploration and Development Institute,Nanchang 330030,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省地质调查勘查院基础地质调查所,南昌330030 [2]自然资源部环鄱阳湖区域矿山环境监测与治理重点实验室,南昌330013 [3]江西有色地质矿产勘查开发院,南昌330030

出　　处：《环境科学》2025年第3期1774-1782,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：自然资源部环鄱阳湖区域矿山环境监测与治理重点实验室开放基金项目(MEMI-2023-11);江西省地勘基金项目(20190033,20220010,20240084,20240087);江西地质局项目(2022JXDZKJKY13,2024STXF01)。

摘　　要：为识别运积型地质高背景区根系土-农作物系统Cd的富集特征及生物有效性,选取鄱阳湖南岸九龙地区为研究对象,采集了140组农作物及其根系土样品.结果表明,研究区根系土ω(Cd)范围0.03~0.65 mg·kg^(-1),平均值为0.16 mg·kg^(-1),超过了江西省土壤的背景值,反映运积型地质高背景的特征;根系土Cd超标率为6.43%,为轻度污染;芝麻对Cd的富集能力(404%)最强,其次为花生(146%),水稻、油茶和芡实富集能力中等,玉米富集能力较弱.根系土ω(活性态Cd)为76.8μg·kg^(-1),生物有效性为48.9%,其中水稻的均最高,分别为98.6μg·kg^(-1)和59.9%.主成分分析(PCA)显示,根系土Cd主要是上游工矿污染物随水系运积所致.相关性表明,根系土活性态Cd和生物有效性Cd主要受成因来源控制,表明外源输入型Cd的活性较大,生态风险隐患较大.To study the accumulation characteristics and bioavailability of Cd in the soil-crop system in the migration type geologically high background area,140 groups of crops and soil samples were collected from the Jiulong area on the south bank of Poyang Lake.The results showed that the range ofω(Cd)of root soil was 0.03-0.65 mg·kg^(−1),with an average of 0.16 mg·kg^(−1),which exceeded the background value of soil in Jiangxi Province,reflecting the characteristics of high geological background of migration type.The over-standard rate of Cd in root soil was 6.43%,which was slightly polluted.Sesame had the strongest enrichment ability of Cd(404%),followed by that of peanut(146%).The enrichment ability of rice,Camellia oleifera,and Euryale seed was medium,while that of corn was weak.The root soilω(active Cd)was 76.8μg·kg^(−1),and the bioavailability was 48.9%,among which rice was the highest with 98.6μg·kg^(−1)and 59.9%,respectively.Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that root soil Cd was mainly caused by the transport and accumulation of industrial and mineral pollutants in the upstream,reflecting the characteristics of the high geological background of the transport type.Correlation showed that the active and bioavailable Cd of root soil were mainly controlled by genetic sources,indicating that the activity of exogenously imported Cd was higher,and the ecological risk was higher.

关 键 词：生物有效性 运积型地质高背景 镉(CD) 土壤 赋存形态 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]