长期多环芳烃污染土壤微生物群落结构特征  

Characterization of Microbial Community Structure in Long-term Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-contaminated Soil

作　　者：焦旸洋 吴婷 李瑞 边高鹏[4] 焦海华[4] 白志辉[2,5] JIAO Yang-yang;WU Ting;LI Rui;BIAN Gao-peng;JIAO Hai-hua;BAI Zhi-hui(Henan Advanced Technology Research Institute,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Department of Life Science,Changzhi University,Changzhi 046011,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学河南先进技术研究院,郑州450003 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]山西师范大学生命科学学院,太原030031 [4]长治学院生命科学系,长治046011 [5]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京101408

出　　处：《环境科学》2025年第3期1885-1896,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：研究生教育创新计划项目(2022YJJG288);山西省教学改革创新项目(J20211684);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA2301040103);长治市重点实验室项目(2023sy008)。

摘　　要：探讨自然生境下多环芳烃(PAHs)长期污染的土壤微生物群落结构特征,有助于了解污染土壤潜在风险和生态功能的变化.微生物是土壤生态系统物质循环和功能稳定的促进者.关于长期高浓度PAHs污染土壤微生物群落结构的研究还很少.以山西某焦化厂周边长期受PAHs污染的农田土壤为研究对象,采用野外调查和16S rRNA基因高通量测序分析等方法,探讨PAHs在自然生境下对土壤微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明,土壤微生物具有多样性(40个门、769个属和1610个种).变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)为优势类群,总丰度占比79.8%;属水平和种水平上均没有明显的优势类群.电导率(EC)、pH、总有机质(TOC)、总钾(TK)、速效钾(AK)和二苯并[a,h]蒽(DaA)、苯并[a]蒽(BaA)、蒽(Ant)等是微生物群落的第一驱动因子(R^(2)≥0.10);可溶性磷(AP)、速效氮(AN)和苊烯(Acy)、苯并[b]荧蒽(BbF)、荧蒽(Fla)、芘(Pyr)等是第二驱动因子(0.05≤R^(2)<0.10).总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和菲(Phe)、苯并[a]芘(BaP)、䓛(Chry)、苯并[k]荧蒽(BkF)、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘(InP)等是第三驱动因子(R^(2)<0.05).研究将为PAHs污染土壤的生态风险管理和微生物修复技术研究提供一定的理论基础.Characterizing the structure of soil microbial communities in natural habitats chronically contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)contributes to the understanding of potential risks and changes in ecological functions of contaminated soils.Microorganisms are facilitators of material cycling and functional stability in soil ecosystems.Few studies are available on the microbial community structure of soil contaminated with long-term high concentrations of PAHs.In this study,we investigated the effects of PAHs on soil microbial community structure in natural habitats using field surveys and high-throughput sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes in agricultural soils contaminated with PAHs around a coking plant in Shanxi.The results showed that soil microorganisms were diverse(40 phyla,769 genera,and 1610 species).Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,and Gemmatimonadetes were the dominant taxa,with a total abundance of 79.8%.No obvious dominant taxa was observed at the genus and species levels.Electrical conductivity(EC);pH;total organic matter(TOC);total potassium(TK);fast-acting potassium(AK);and Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene(DaA),Benzo(a)anthracene(BaA),and Anthracene(Ant)were the first drivers of the microbial community(R^(2)≥0.10).Soluble phosphorus(AP);fast-acting nitrogen(AN);and Acenaphthylene(Acy),Benzo(b)fluoranthene(BbF),Fluoranthene(Fla),and Pyrene(Pyr)were the second drivers(0.05≤R^(2)<0.10).Total nitrogen(TN);total phosphorus(TP);and Phenanthrene(Phe),Benzo(a)pyrene(BaP),Chrysene(Chry),Benzo(k)fluoranthene(BkF),and Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene(InP)were the third driving factors(R^(2)<0.05).The study will provide some theoretical basis for the research of ecological risk management and microbial remediation technology of PAHs-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：多环芳烃(PAHs) 污染土壤 微生物群落 影响因子 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]