当代西方左翼学者视域中的数字商品、数字劳动和数字资本——基于马克思主义政治经济学的辨析  

Digital Goods,Digital Labor and Digital Capital from the Perspective of Contemporary Western Left-Wing Scholars--Analysis Based on Marxist Political Economy

作　　者：徐艳如 Xu Yanru

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学马克思主义学院,上海200240

出　　处：《马克思主义研究》2025年第2期92-102,152,共12页Studies on Marxism

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“基于马克思劳动价值论的数字帝国主义批判研究”(22CKS016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当代西方左翼学者关于数字商品、数字劳动和数字资本的研究尽管丰富且深入,但从马克思主义政治经济学的视角审视,仍旧存在如下不足:首先,关于数字商品的研究,由于将用户数据视作商品,忽视了数据背后的生产关系,因而不仅将商品概念泛化,更未科学区分数字、数据和数字商品;其次,关于数字劳动的研究,产消劳动、零工劳动等非雇佣型劳动是否是“生产劳动”、是否创造剩余价值的问题并未明确界定;最后,关于数字资本的研究,一是将劳动和资本的矛盾运动表面化为劳动新旧形式的差别以及劳动和技术的关系,因而割裂了资本运动社会形式和物质内容的关系,二是将数字资本视作独立的资本形态,割裂了数字资本和职能资本、生息资本的关系,因而忽视了资本运动的总体性逻辑。Despite the richness and depth of contemporary research on digital goods,digital labor and digital capital by left-wing scholars in the West,the following shortcomings remain from the perspective of Marxist political economy:firstly,in the study of digital goods,as it treats users'data as commodities and ignores the relations of production behind the data,it not only generalizes the concept of commodities,but also fails to make a scientific differentiation between numbers,data and digital goods;secondly,in the study of digital labor,the question of whether non-employable labor,such as prosumer labor and casual labor,is“productive labor”and creates surplus value has not been clearly defined;and finally,in the study of digital capital,one problem is that the contradictory movement of labor and capital has been superficially reduced to the difference between the old and the new forms of labor,as well as to the relationship between labor and technology,thus severing the relationship between the social form and the material content of the capital movement,and the other is that the study views digital capital as a separate form of capital and severs the relationship between digital capital,functional capital and interest-bearing capital,thus ignoring the logic of the totality of the capital movement.

关 键 词：马克思主义政治经济学 西方左翼 数字商品 数字劳动 数字资本 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]