人工智能与制造企业创新:理论逻辑与实证检验  

Artificial Intelligence and Manufacturing Firms Innovation:Theoretical Logic and Empirical Test

作　　者：宁楠 惠宁[1] NING Nan;HUI Ning(School of Economics and Management,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《经济体制改革》2025年第1期120-126,共7页Reform of Economic System

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数智驱动制造业新质生产力价值创造研究”(24BJY005)。

摘　　要：基于2011~2022年中国A股上市公司数据,采用固定效应模型、中介效应模型等实证分析人工智能对制造企业创新的影响效应、作用机制与差异性规律。研究发现:人工智能是驱动制造业创新的有效动能,且该效应在经过稳健性检验后仍成立。从逻辑上,人工智能发展可以帮助制造企业实现成本节约和劳动力升级。机制检验揭示了提升人才薪资水平和扩大薪酬差距是人工智能促进企业创新的重要渠道。异质性分析表明,人工智能的创新激发效果在非国企、成熟期及衰退期企业、低集中度的行业和东中部地区更显著。进一步分析发现,人工智能对制造企业实质性创新的影响受技术密集度和经济不确定性的调节而呈现非线性规律。据此,应坚定不移推进制造业智能化转型,差异化布局转型梯队,强化智能化人才和政策供给力度,加速释放人工智能的创新赋能效应。This paper uses fixed effect model and mediation effect methods to analyze the effect,mechanism and difference laws of artificial intelligence(AI)on manufacturing firms'innovation,based on the data of China's A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2022.It is found that AI fosters innovation among manufacturing companies,and the effect holds after robustness tests.Logically,AI helps companies cost-saving and labor-upgrading.Rising talent salary and widening pay gap are mechanisms for AI to increase the innovation output.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the stimulating effect of AI is more significant among non-state companies,companies in maturity and decline stages,industries with low concentration and east-central region.Further research finds a nonlinear pattern between AI on substantive innovation because of technology intensity and economic uncertainty.Accordingly,it is critical to advance the intelligent transformation of manufacturing sector,distinguish the intelligent transformation echelon's layout,bolster the availability of intelligent talent and policies,and quicken AI's capacity to spur innovation.

关 键 词：人工智能 制造企业创新 人力资本结构 薪酬差距 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]