间接治理:刑法应对数字技术风险的基本模式  

Indirect Governance: The Basic Model of Criminal Law Responses to the Risks of Digital Technology

作　　者：储陈城[1] CHU Chencheng(Law School,Anhui University,Hefei Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学法学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《法学论坛》2025年第1期65-77,共13页Legal Forum

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“自动驾驶技术刑法规制问题研究”(19SFB3020);国家社科基金后期资助项目“利益衡量视角下刑法规制尖端网络技术问题研究”(21FFXB071)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数字技术从传统互联网发展到今天的生成式人工智能,刑法理论与刑事立法、司法总是呈现出激进与保守的对立、转换。预防技术风险与防止技术萎缩的立场相互博弈。出于保护新兴技术创新的考虑,刑法不宜对数字技术风险过早地作出反应。当前刑法理论界基于防控风险而主张的积极直接介入观,对刑事立法、司法存在误导,会引发连锁的负面反应。但是,出于对法益的保护,刑法亦不能对数字技术风险置若罔闻。基于利益衡量的考虑,改造行政犯的间接治理模式,应成为数字时代技术风险应对的主要路径。从原先理论界倡导的积极直接治理模式,转向“国家管平台、平台管用户”的新型间接治理模式。发挥数字平台“看门人”的作用,构建以“看门人义务”为核心的数字平台治理体系,形成“平台+前置法+刑法”这一阶层性、渐进式的数字技术风险应对基本模式。The development of digital technology, from traditional Internet to today's generative artificial intelligence, has led to a constant interplay between radical and conservative perspectives in criminal law theory, legislation, and justice. To safeguard the innovation of emerging technologies, criminal law should refrain from premature reactions to the risks posed by digital technology. The current perspective of active direct intervention proposed by criminal law scholars for risk prevention is misleading to criminal legislation and judicature, and may result in a series of negative consequences. However, in order to protect legal interests, criminal law cannot overlook the risks posed by digital technology. Considering the measurement of interests, the reform of the indirect governance model in administrative criminal law should be the primary approach to addressing technological risks in the digital age. The original positive direct governance model advocated by theoretical circles has shifted towards a new indirect governance model centered on "national management platform and platform management user". This emphasizes the role of "gatekeeper" for digital platforms, establishing a digital platform governance system with "gatekeeper obligations" at its core, and creating a multi-governance response model for digital technology risks.

关 键 词：数字技术 间接治理 数字平台 看门人义务 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]