宅基地资格权的法理反思及其制度转型  

Jurisprudence Reflection and Institutional Transformation of Homestead Qualification Right

作　　者：李凤章[1] 高建婷 LI Fengzhang;GAO Jianting(Law School,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学法学院,上海200444

出　　处：《法学论坛》2025年第1期166-176,共11页Legal Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金重大研究项目“社会主义核心价值观融入乡村振兴制度建设研究”(20VHJ002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在宅基地使用权已经登记确权的情况下,提出宅基地资格权,实际上是用资格权概念对宅基地使用权人的既有支配重新审视。这既有宅基地使用权自身的原因,也因为登记发证不够准确,以及在宅基地实物保障的背景下,农民集体需要根据资格权重新核定村民应得的宅基地面积,以便腾出宅基地分配给未取得宅基地的其他村民。改变这一局面的根本方式是实现从宅基地的实物分配到包括货币补偿在内的多元居住保障,而要实现这一转化,就需要对无资格权人使用宅基地征收有偿使用费。宅基地有偿使用费的顺利征收,要求将使用费解释为一种土地税。而一旦居住保障采取货币补偿形式,要求保障居住的宅基地资格权,就逐步摆脱土地所有权,扩展到非本集体成员,演变成一种普遍的社会保障请求权,所谓的宅基地资格权也就不复存在。但在此之前,宅基地资格权仍属必要。In the case that homestead land use right has been registered, the concept of the homestead right of qualification is actually used to check and reject both the effectiveness of the registration and certification of the right to use homestead. The farmer collective needs to re-ratify the area of the homestead that the villagers deserve according to the qualification right, so that the homestead can be allocated to other villagers who have not obtained the homestead. The fundamental way to change this situation is to realize the transformation from the physical provision of homestead to the monetary provision. To realize this transformation, it is necessary for the collectives to collect the user fees on the villagers' land occupying beyond the standard and non-villagers' land occupying. To make sure the fee could be levied smoothly, the village collective should be authorized to the power of levy and the fee be regarded to be something like a tax. Once so, the village owes obligations to provide housing for those who are not the members of the collective economic organizations but have paid the taxes, then the so-called homestead qualification right ceased to work.

关 键 词：宅基地资格权 宅基地使用权 宅基地有偿使用费 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学]