京津冀地区景观破碎化的时空异质性及驱动因素研究  

Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity and Driving Factors of Landscape Fragmentation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

作　　者：张任菲 肖萌 刘志成[1] ZHANG Renfei;XIAO Meng;LIU Zhicheng(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]河北农业大学园林与旅游学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2025年第3期461-473,共13页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重大科技专项独立项目(2018ZX07101005)。

摘　　要：探索京津冀地区景观破碎化的时空异质性及其驱动机制,对于揭示景观格局的动态演变规律具有重要意义,同时有助于深入理解自然环境和人类活动对景观系统的影响。基于ArcGIS与Fragstats软件,采用景观格局指数、移动窗口和主成分分析方法,提出了景观破碎化指数来定量评估和分析1990-2020年京津冀地区景观破碎化的时空演变特征,并利用地理探测器展开驱动因素的研究。结果表明,1)30年间研究区内景观最大斑块指数(LPI)和蔓延度指数(CONTAG)逐年降低,景观分离度(DIVISION)和香农多样性(SHDI)逐年升高。京津冀全域的景观破碎度在1990-2020年间增长6.19%,年均上升0.2%。分类型景观中耕地、水域和建设用地破碎化程度加剧,林地、草地和未利用地破碎化程度降低。2)京津冀地区各城市中,承德市和秦皇岛市的破碎化程度最高,30年间破碎度降低占据主导地位。平原地区整体破碎化程度低于西北部山区,但各城市在研究期间破碎化程度显著加剧,以廊坊市和沧州市最显著,增幅超过30%。大城市的城乡交错区域遭受了较大的人为干扰,以北京市、天津市和石家庄市城郊区的受损状况最显著。3)时空异质性表明,京津冀地区景观破碎化格局是自然地理因素和人为活动干扰的综合作用结果,二者在相互作用后解释力显著提升。30年间高程、建设用地面积占比和土地利用类型始终是影响景观破碎化的重要驱动力。Rapid and unrestricted expansion of urban areas and infrastructure has increasingly led to landscape fragmentation,which is a pressing issue for ecosystems worldwide.Urbanization not only alters land cover,but also impacts biodiversity and ecosystem functions.As a major economic center in northern China,the urbanization process in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(Jing-Jin-Ji)region has deeply influenced its landscape,with fragmentation becoming an increasingly serious issue.This has not only affected the region's ecological security but also poses significant challenges to the sustainable development of its economy and society.Therefore,studying the spatiotemporal patterns and driving forces of landscape fragmentation in this area is crucial for formulating effective ecological protection measures and leading regional planning.Based on landscape ecology theory,this study utilized ArcGIS and Fragstats software,incorporating various techniques such as landscape pattern indices,moving window analysis,and spatial principal component analysis,to assess the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape fragmentation in the Jing-Jin-Ji region from 1990 to 2020.This study examined spatial differentiation characteristics at three levels:regional integrity scale,land use type,and urban scale.In addition,geographic detectors,including factors,interactions,and ecological detection,were used to investigate the mechanisms driving the landscape fragmentation from the perspectives of natural geographical conditions and human activity interference.1)Spatial characteristics of landscape types.The landscape spatial stock characteristics of the Jing-Jin-Ji were significant.In contrast to other urban agglomerations in China,the Jing-Jin-Ji region is primarily dominated by cultivated land,accounting for more than 40%of the total area,followed by forests,grasslands,and urban areas,whereas the areas of water and unused land are relatively small.From 1990 to 2020,urban construction expanded rapidly,whereas green spaces,especially cultivated land,shrank

关 键 词：京津冀地区 景观格局 破碎化 时空异质性 主成分分析 地理探测器 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]