后发企业技术追赶的动态机制——基于角色身份与技术战略耦合视角  

Dynamic Mechanism of Technological Catch-up by Latecomer Enterprises:From the Perspective of Coupling of Role Identity and Technological Strategy

作　　者：张祺瑞 彭新敏[1,2] 刘电光 ZHANG Qirui;PENG Xinmin;LIU Dianguang(Faculty of Business,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Institute of China Non-public Economy,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学商学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大学中国非公有制经济研究院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报(人文科学版)》2025年第2期42-61,共20页Journal of Ningbo University:Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“最优区分视角下后发企业超越追赶阶段的机制研究”(72172068);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“最优区分对后发企业超越追赶的影响机制研究”(22YJC630084);浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“后发企业超越追赶过程中身份与战略耦合的共演机制研究”(24NDJC069YB)。

摘　　要：以纺织机械企业慈星为研究对象,针对其在全成型横机领域的追赶历程(2010—2022),从组织角色身份与技术战略耦合模式及其演化视角,探究后发企业追赶过程的动态机制。研究发现:追赶阶段,后发企业通过“跟随者”身份与模仿型战略相似耦合,获得了技术与市场合法性;过渡阶段,后发企业在延续跟随者身份同时,原有模仿型战略遭遇瓶颈,企业随即向进取型技术战略转变,引起了角色身份与技术战略解耦,为再次耦合奠定基础;超越追赶阶段,后发企业坚持进取型战略,进一步构建“塑造者”角色身份,最终实现角色身份与技术战略差异耦合,获得技术与市场上的差异性,巩固竞争优势。基于整个追赶过程,后发企业从追赶阶段的相似耦合,经过过渡阶段的解耦,转向超越追赶阶段的差异耦合,克服后发企业的双重劣势,实现对行业典范的赶超。耦合视角将角色身份与技术战略动态连接起来,弥补了“身份—战略”研究的不足,深化了对后发追赶过程的理解。Taking the successful catch-up process of Cixing,a textile machinery enterprise,in the full-fashioned flat knitting machine field from 2010 to 2022 as a case study,this paper explores the dynamic mechanism of the catch-up process of latecomer enterprises from the perspective of the coupling mode and its evolution between organizational role identity and technology strategy.The research findings are as follows.During the catch-up stage,latecomer enterprises obtain technological and market legitimacy through the similar coupling of the“follower”identity and the imitation-based strategy.In the transition stage,while continuing with the follower identity,the original imitation-based strategy of latecomer enterprises encounters bottlenecks.Subsequently,the enterprises shift to an aggressive technology strategy,which leads to the decoupling of role identity and technology strategy and lays the foundation for recoupling.In the stage of catch-up,late-comer enterprises adhere to the aggressive strategy,further construct the“shaper”role identity,and finally achieve the differential coupling of role identity and technology strategy,obtaining technological and market differences and consolidating their competitive advantages.Based on the entire catch-up process,latecomer enterprises overcome the dual disadvantages of latecomers and achieve the catch-up and surpass of industry benchmarks by transitioning from similar coupling in the catch-up stage,through decoupling in the transition stage,to differential coupling in the stage of the catch-up.The coupling perspective dynamically connects role identity and technology strategy,makes up for the lack of research on the“identity-strategy”relationship,and deepens the understanding of the latecomer catch-up process.

关 键 词：后发企业 组织身份 技术战略 耦合 超越追赶 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]