育种和养殖技术助力牛乳品质改良研究进展  

Research progress on breeding and farming technologies for improving milk quality

作　　者：刘言 杜再慧 朱龙佼 许文涛[1] LIU Yan;DU Zaihui;ZHU Longjiao;XU Wentao(Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality,Ministry of Education,Department of Nutrition and Health,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学营养与健康系食品精准营养与质量控制教育部重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中国乳品工业》2025年第3期44-50,共7页China Dairy Industry

基　　金：农业生物育种国家科技重大专项(2022ZD04020);国家重点研发计划(2023YFF1001600)。

摘　　要：文章介绍了奶牛育种与养殖技术在提升牛乳品质方面的研究进展及面临的挑战。在育种技术方面,基因组选择、基因改造、胚胎移植和体细胞克隆提高了优质奶牛的繁殖效率和基因水平;养殖技术方面,精准营养管理优化饲料配比,智能设备和大数据监控提高管理效率,疾病防控和环境管控保障奶牛健康。随着生物与信息技术深度融合,未来育种和养殖技术将在提升牛乳品质方面发挥更重要的作用。The article provides a comprehensive review of the advancements and challenges associated with breeding and farming technologies aimed at improving milk quality.In terms of breeding techniques,such as genomic selection,genetic modification,embryo transfer,and somatic cell cloning,have significantly enhanced the reproductive efficiency and genetic potential of high-quality dairy cows.In the realm of farming technologies,precision nutrition optimizes feed formulations,while the use of smart devices and big data analytics improves management efficiency.Additionally,disease prevention strategies and environmental control measures play a crucial role in maintaining the health of dairy cows.With the deep integration of biotechnology and information technology,these technologies are expected to play an even greater role in enhancing milk quality and promoting the sustainable development of the dairy industry in the future.

关 键 词：牛乳品质 遗传改良 分子育种 精准养殖 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]