新辅助放化疗联合免疫治疗局部进展期直肠癌的现状与前景  

Current Status and Prospects of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Combined with Immunotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

作　　者：张忠涛[1] 高加勒 姚宏伟[1] Zhang Zhongtao;Gao Jiale;Yao Hongwei(Department of General Surgery,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases,National Key Laboratory of Digestive Health,Clinical Practice and Research Center for Colorectal Neoplasm,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100032,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院普通外科中心,国家消化系统疾病临床医学研究中心,消化健康全国重点实验室,北京100032

出　　处：《中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版)》2025年第2期119-122,共4页Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFC0110904);北京市临床重点专科基金(卓越项目2018-118);首都卫生发展科研重点项目(首发2018-1-1111);首都医科大学结直肠肿瘤临床诊疗与研究中心基金(1192070313);首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院科研启动基金(YYQDKT2016-5)。

摘　　要：针对局部进展期直肠癌,新辅助放化疗后进行全直肠系膜切除术是标准治疗方案。随着免疫治疗时代的来临,放化疗与免疫治疗良好的协同抗肿瘤作用在多项临床研究中得到验证。针对pMMR/MSS的局部进展期直肠癌,新辅助放化疗联合免疫治疗进一步提高了临床完全缓解率和病理完全缓解率,并有望在器官功能保护和远期预后方面同样展现优势。而新的治疗模式所带来的安全性问题需要关注。此外,治疗后疗效评价,获益人群筛选和联合其他用药值得进一步的探索。For locally advanced rectal cancer,the standard treatment regimen is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision.With the advent of the immunotherapy era,the synergistic anti-tumor effects of chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy have been validated in multiple clinical studies.For pMMR/MSS locally advanced rectal cancer,neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with immunotherapy has further improved the rates of clinical complete response and pathological complete response,and it holds promise for showing advantages in organ preservation and long-term survival.However,the safety concerns associated with the new treatment modality need close attention.Additionally,the evaluation of treatment efficacy,the screening of beneficiary populations,and the combination with other medications warrant further exploration.

关 键 词：直肠癌 新辅助放化疗 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]