不同储藏、加工和萃取方式对香稻2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量的影响  

Effects of Different Storage,Processing and Extraction Methods on the Content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in Fragrant Rice

作　　者：姚祥滨 张莹莹 罗昊文 韦剑娇 祁剑英 唐湘如[1] 段美洋[1] YAO Xiangbin;ZHANG YingYing;LUO Haowen;WEI Jianjiao;QI JianYing;TANG Xiangru;DUAN Meiyang(State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources,South China Agricultural University/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic rice,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/农业农村部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站/广州市丝苗香米科学与技术重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《中国稻米》2025年第2期92-96,共5页China Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31971843);2023年广东省级乡村振兴战略专项种业振兴行动项目(F23138);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2024A1515012709)。

摘　　要：为提高2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)检测的效率和准确性,试验选用4个香稻品种为材料,利用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)技术检测了不同储藏、加工及萃取方式下香稻2-AP含量。试验设置了4个储藏温度(25℃、4℃、-20℃、-80℃)、4个碾磨时长(15 s、30 s、60 s、90 s)以及18种萃取方式(超声萃取、70℃水浴加热萃取、超声+70℃水浴加热萃取,萃取时间为0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0 h)。结果表明,在-20℃和-80℃条件下储藏的香稻2-AP含量显著高于其他储藏温度下储藏的香稻,这两个储藏温度之间无显著差异。碾磨时长显著影响2-AP含量,碾磨30 s时2-AP含量最低,60 s时2-AP含量达到较高水平。超声萃取和70℃水浴加热萃取在萃取4 h时效果最佳,超过此时长2-AP含量开始下降。因此,为确保香稻中2-AP检测的可靠性和效率,建议采取以下措施:香稻成熟后应将样品储藏在-20℃条件下,优先选择超声萃取或70℃水浴加热萃取方法,并控制研磨时长为60 s,以最大程度减少2-AP的损失。To improve the efficiency and accuracy of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)detection,the experiment selected 4 fragrant rice varieties as materials and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)technology to detect the content of 2-AP in fragrant rice under different storage,processing,and extraction methods.The experiment set up 4 storage temperatures(25℃,4℃,-20℃,-80℃),4 milling times(15 s,30 s,60 s,90 s),and 18 extraction methods(ultrasonic extraction,70℃water bath heating extraction,ultrasonic+70℃water bath heating extraction,with extraction times of 0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0 h).The results showed that the content of 2-AP in fragrant rice stored at-20℃and-80℃was significantly higher than that stored at other temperatures,with no significant difference between-20℃and-80℃storage temperatures.The Milling time significantly affected the 2-AP content in fragrant rice,with the lowest 2-AP content observed after 30 seconds of milling and a high level reached at 60 seconds.Ultrasonic extraction and 70℃water bath heating extraction showed the best effect after 4 hours of extraction,after which the 2-AP content began to decrease.To ensure accuracy and efficient detection of 2-AP in fragrant rice,the following measures are recommended:store fragrat rice samples at-20℃after maturation,prioritize ultrasonic extraction or 70℃water bath extraction,and control milling time to 60 s to minimize the loss of 2-AP.

关 键 词：香稻 2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉 储藏温度 碾磨时间 萃取方式 

分 类 号：S511.092[农业科学—作物学]