激光雷达观测研究低纬度地区钠层季节变化特征  

Seasonal Variation Characteristics of Sodium Layer in Low Latitude by Lidar

作　　者：何诗敏 张铁民[1] 柴薇薇 张一民 羊大立[1] 彭鸿雁[1] 王继红 HE Shimin;ZHANG Tiemin;CHAI Weiwei;ZHANG Yimin;YANG Dali;PENG Hongyan;WANG Jihong(College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158;State Key Laboratory of Space Weather,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学物理与电子工程学院,海口571158 [2]中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2025年第1期102-112,共11页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目资助(121MS0770,121RC535)。

摘　　要：使用钠荧光激光雷达观测2018-2019年低纬度地区海口(20.0°N,110.3°E)上空钠层变化规律,统计分析了钠层密度分布与其季节变化特征以及特殊事件的季节变化特征,发现海口钠层变化与季节之间有较大关联.钠层平均密度呈现基本对称的高斯分布特点,柱密度和峰值秋冬季大,峰值位置夏高秋低,质心高度变化稳定,半高全宽与均方根宽度秋季小冬季大.突发钠层事件(Sporadic Sodium Layer,SSL)随季节变化明显,持续时间夏长春短,峰值秋季大、春季小,秋冬季峰值位置较高,夏季突发强度最大,除秋季外其他季节突发峰值多在后半夜.结合海南儋州(19.5°N,109.1°E)测高仪数据,结果显示海口地区发生在97 km以上的SSL与突发E层(Es)有较大相关性.低纬度地区冬季发生SSL的概率较高,双钠层(Double Sodium Layer,DSL)多出现在春、夏季.Sodium lidar observations of sodium layer from 2018 to 2019 at a low-latitude location(Haikou,China,20°N,110.3°E)are reported in this paper.The purpose is to reveal characteristics of seasonal variations of the sodium layer,including density distribution characteristics,seasonal variation characteristics and special events of sodium layer.According to statistical analysis,there is a great correlation between the variation of sodium layer and seasons.Average density of sodium layer presents a basically symmetrical Gaussian distribution,with good morphological symmetry in autumn.Column density and peak value are small in spring and summer and vice versa in autumn and winter.Peak position is high in summer and low in autumn.There is no clear seasonal variation about the centroid height of the sodium layer.Full Width at Half Maximum(FWHM)and Root Mean Square(RMS)width of sodium layer are both small in autumn and large in winter.Sporadic Sodium Layers(SSLs)change obviously with seasons and the growth,decline and duration time are short in summer and long in spring.Peak value has the minimum in spring and maximum in autumn,respectively.Peak position tends to be higher during autumn and winter but lower during spring and summer.The intensity is the largest in summer.Except autumn,peak value of other seasons is mostly in the latter half of the night.With respect to the correlation with sporadic E,combining with the ionosphere data obtained by the nearest ionosonde at Danzhou,China(19:5°N;109:1°E),there is a considerable correlation between sporadic E layers(Es)and SSLs above 97 km at low latitude,which is embodied in the time,height and intensity.By statistical analysis of special events,it is found that the probability of SSLs in winter is high and the Double Sodium Layer(DSL)mostly appears in spring and summer at Haikou.

关 键 词：激光雷达 钠层季节变化特点 突发钠层 电离层偶发 双钠层 

分 类 号：P352[天文地球—空间物理学]