大气PAN污染及与臭氧和PM_(2.5)关系的研究进展  

Research Progress on PAN Pollution and Its Relationship with O_(3)and PM_(2.5)

作　　者：孙美 乔雪琪 王逸飞 崔嘉楠 张剑波[2] SUN Mei;QIAO Xueqi;WANG Yifei;CUI Jianan;ZHANG Jianbo(Beijing Municipal Ecological Environment Assessment and Complaints Center,Beijing 100161,China;College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市生态环境评估与投诉中心,北京100161 [2]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2025年第3期447-459,共13页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFC0212400)。

摘　　要：过氧乙酰基硝酸酯(PAN)作为一种重要的光化学污染物和指示剂,同时也是氮氧化物(NO_(x))的关键储库物质,在低温条件下可以长距离传输,并在高温条件下分解释放NO_(x)和自由基,从而影响NO_(x)循环和大气自由基的转化。PAN与臭氧(O_(3))和细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))的形成相互关联、相互影响,研究其污染特征与成因有助于解析区域复合大气污染机制。本文综述了国内外关于PAN的浓度水平及其变化特点、PAN的源汇机制及污染成因、PAN与O_(3)及PM_(2.5)关系的影响因素和作用途径的研究进展。经梳理发现,我国对于PAN的观测研究尚处于初步阶段,全年PAN浓度存在区域差异性,其中中部地区和大城市的平均PAN浓度高于沿海城市。PAN的浓度水平和变化特征受到地理位置、气象条件和人为排放等多种因素的影响。为了合理解析PAN的污染成因,需要全面考量稳态计算法、光化学盒子模型及大气化学传输模型的优点与局限性及其适用场景。此外,区域传输和前体物的物种组成是影响PAN与O_(3)关系的关键因素,而PAN与PM_(2.5)之间的相互作用机制则涉及气相光化学反应、气溶胶表面非均相反应以及传输过程。未来的研究建议主要包括:进一步探讨PAN污染形成机制,建立更详尽的污染源排放与PAN浓度之间的响应关系;加强PAN对复合污染影响的分析,关注区域污染过程;深入研究气溶胶凝聚相中的PAN化学过程等。Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN),an important photochemical pollutant and indicator,acts as a crucial reservoir for nitrogen oxide(NO_(x)).PAN can be transported over long distances under low-temperature conditions and decomposes to release NO_(x)and free radicals under high-temperature conditions,thereby affecting the NO_(x)cycle and atmospheric radical transformations.The formation of PAN is interrelated with the formation of surface ozone(O_(3))and secondary fine particulate matters(PM_(2.5)),influencing both their development.Studying the pollution characteristics and causes of PAN helps to elucidate the mechanisms of regional compound atmospheric pollution.This review provides a summary of both domestic and international research on PAN concentrations and their variability,source-sink mechanisms,causes of PAN pollution,as well as the influencing factors and pathways of the relationship between PAN,O_(3),and PM_(2.5).The results show that the observational studies of PAN in China are still in their initial stages,and annual PAN concentrations show regional variability,with higher mean levels in central regions and major cities compared to coastal areas.The concentration levels and variation characteristics of PAN are influenced by various factors such as geographical location,meteorological conditions,light intensity,relative humidity,temperature and anthropogenic emissions.To effectively understand the causes of PAN pollution,it is essential to comprehensively evaluate strengths and limitations of steady-state calculation method,photochemical box models and atmospheric chemical transport models,as well as their applicable scenarios.In addition,regional transport and species composition of precursors are critical factors affecting the relationship between PAN and O_(3).The interaction mechanisms between PAN and PM_(2.5)involve gas-phase photochemical reactions,heterogeneous reactions on aerosol surface,and transport processes.Recommendations for future research include:(1)Further investigation into the formation mec

关 键 词：大气复合污染 过氧乙酰硝酸酯(PAN) 臭氧 PM_(2.5) 协同防控 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]