东江水系大刺鳅线粒体基因组研究  

Study of the Mitochondrial Genome of Mastacembelus armatus in Dongjiang River

作　　者：王凯丰 陈锭娴 刘兰苑 林胜跃 张杰铭 梁巍骞 李强[1] 桂林[1] WANG Kai-feng;CHEN Ding-xian;LIU Lan-yuan;LIN Sheng-yue;ZHANG Jie-ming;LIANG Wei-qian;LI Qiang;GUI Lin(School of Life Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,PRC)

机构地区：[1]广州大学生命科学学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2025年第2期73-80,共8页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41673110);2023年大学生创新训练项目国家级立项(202311078046);2024年大学生创新创业训练项目(XJ202411078131)。

摘　　要：采用PCR和DNA基因测序技术对东江大刺鳅线粒体基因组(mtDNA)测序,使用DNAstar、MEGA 11.0、MITOS Webserver、tRNAscan SE 1.21、Clustal Omega等软件对所测得序列进行分析、比对,了解其mtDNA结构与组成等特征。结果表明:东江大刺鳅mtDNA总长度为16 493 bp,具有明显的AT碱基偏好性(54.4%),共37个编码基因(蛋白编码基因13个、rRNA基因2个和tRNA基因22个)和2个非编码区(O_L区和D-loop区),9个编码基因分布在轻链(L链)上、28个编码基因位于重链(H链)上;存在9处不同长度的基因间隔区,间隔长度为1~5 bp不等;存在6处基因重叠,位于ATP8和ATP6间的基因重叠最大,长度为10 bp;O_L区位于tRNA^(Asn)和tRNA^(Cys)之间,长度为30 bp可以折叠成茎环二级结构,其茎区序列(5'-3')为TCCCCGCC/AGGGGCGG,环区长度为13 bp;D-loop区位于tRNA^(Pro)和tRNA^(Phe)基因之间,序列长度为871 bp,分为终止序列区(TAS)、中央保守区(CD)和保守序列区(CSB)3个区域;13个蛋白编码基因中,COI的起始密码子为GTG,其他均为ATG,终止密码子包括TAG(COI)、TAA(ATP8、ND1、ND4L、ND5、ND6)和不完整终止密码子TA(COIII、ND2、ATP6)、T(COII、ND3、ND4、Cyt b)4种;22个tRNA基因中,除了tRNA^(Ser)(AGC)外其余都能折叠成典型的三叶草结构。系统发育分析表明,东江大刺鳅与北江大刺鳅亲缘关系较近。The mitochondrial genome of Mastacembelus armatus in Dongjiang River was sequenced by PCR and DNA sequencing.DNAstar,MEGA 11.0,MITOS Webserver,tRNAscan SE 1.21,and Clustal Omega were used for the comparison and analysis of the obtained sequences,on the basis of which the characteristics of the mitochondrial genome were elucidated.The results showed that the mitochondrial genome of M.armatus in Dongjiang River had a total length of 16493 bp,distinct AT base preference(54.4%),37 coding genes(13 protein-coding genes,2 rRNA genes,and 22 tRNA genes),and 2 non-coding regions(OL region and D-loop region).Nine and 28 coding genes existed on the light chain and heavy chain,respectively.There were 9 intergenic spacers with lengths ranging from 1 bp to 5 bp.Six instances of gene overlap were observed,with the largest overlap of 10 bp occurring between ATP8 and ATP6.Asn The OL region,located between tRNA and tRNACys,was 30 bp in length and could fold into a stem-loop secondary structure.Its stem Pro sequence(5'-3')was TCCCCGCC/AGGGGCGG,and the loop region was 13 bp long.The D-loop region,situated between tRNA Phe and tRNA genes,was 871 bp in length and was composed of three regions:the termination-associated sequence(TAS),the central conserved domain(CD),and the c onserved sequence block(CSB).Among the 13 protein-coding genes,the start codon of COI was GTG,while that of the others were ATG.The stop codons included TAG(COI),TAA(ATP8,ND1,ND4L,ND5,and ND6),TA(COIII,Ser ND2,ATP6),and T(COII,ND3,ND4,and Cyt b).Of the 22 tRNA genes,others except tRNA(AGC)could fold into a typical cloverleaf structure.The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the M.armatus in Dongjiang River was closely related to that in Beijiang River.

关 键 词：线粒体基因组 全序列分析 系统发育 东江大刺鳅 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]