工科本科生高影响力教育活动的参与类型及其特征  

Participation Types and Characteristics of High-Impact Educational Activities for Engineering Undergraduates

作　　者：邵剑耀 SHAO Jian-yao(Institute of Education,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《深圳职业技术大学学报》2025年第2期37-46,共10页Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic University

基　　金：厦门大学研究生(2024年度)田野调查基金项目“地方高校评价价值研究”(2024FG014);国家社会科学基金教育学(2023年度)重大项目“中国特色高校评价体系的内涵与建构研究”(VIA230008)。

摘　　要：高影响力教育活动对高校人才培养具有重要启发。基于“双一流”建设高校工科本科生的就读经验调查数据分析发现:工科本科生高影响力教育活动参与包括全面脱离型、参与均衡型、顶峰体验型和全面参与型四种类型;大多数学生属于前两种类型,仅少部分学生属于最后一种类型。学生参与类型受其个体因素和学校环境因素双重影响,传统意义上的优势群体在顶峰体验型和全面参与型上的分布更广;不同参与类型学生对学校支持、教学质量、个体投入的认同度存在差异,全面参与型学生在各变量上的认同度最高。高影响力教育活动与社会情感能力之间存在密切关联,全面参与型学生表现最佳,而全面脱离型学生表现最差。为此,需充分调动工科生的主动性和积极性,注重群体差异,综合设计和实施高影响力教育活动,发挥出这些活动应有的价值。High-impact educational practices(HIPs)provide significant implications for talent development in higher education institutions.Analysis of survey data on engineering undergraduates'experiences at"Double First-Class"universities reveals four distinct participation patterns in HIPs:comprehensive disengagement,balanced participation,peak experience,and comprehensive engagement.The majority of students fall within the first two patterns,while only a small proportion demonstrates comprehensive engagement.Student participation patterns are influenced by both individual factors and institutional environmental variables,with traditionally advantaged groups showing broader distribution across peak experience and comprehensive engagement patterns.Students across different participation patterns exhibit varying levels of recognition regarding institutional support,teaching quality,and individual investment,with comprehensively engaged students demonstrating the highest levels of satisfaction across all variables.A strong correlation exists between participation in HIPs and social-emotional competencies,with comprehensive engaged students performing optimally while comprehensive disengaged students demonstrate the poorest outcomes.These findings suggest the need to activate engineering students'initiative and motivation,acknowledge group differences,and implement holistically designed HIPs to fully realize their educational value.

关 键 词：工科本科生 高影响力教育活动 潜在剖面分析 高等教育经历 社会情感能力 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]