教育援外的全球图景与美国策略--基于“债权国报告系统”的10年数据分析  

The Global Landscape of Educational Aid and U.S.Strategy:Analysis of 10 Years of Data Based on the Creditor Reporting System(CRS)

作　　者：胡瑞 朱玮静 徐传雲 HU Rui;ZHU Weijing;XU Chuanyun(College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2025年第3期65-75,共11页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(21VGQ023)的部分成果。

摘　　要：对外教育援助不仅是国际发展援助的重要构成,也是促进全球教育公平和文化交流的重要手段。当前,全球教育援助呈现规模持续增长、援助区域布局突出非洲与亚洲、援助类型多样和援助层次灵活等特征,但也面临着全球发展不确定性增加、可持续发展进程受阻、受援国治理能力不强等带来的挑战。全球图景下,美国依然是全球教育援外大国,在援助规模上波动式增长,在布局上关照亚洲和非洲,在层次上倾向于基础教育和高等教育,方式上采取多元化的援助策略以提升有效性。全球化时代,我国应持续扩大教育援助规模,科学规划区域布局,开发多元援助类型,提升受援国的可持续发展能力,从而充分适应全球教育援外的新趋势,深度融入全球教育治理。Foreign education aid is not only an important component of international development aid but also a crucial means to promote global educational equity and cultural exchange.Currently,global education aid is experiencing continuous growth in scale,with a prominent focus on Africa and Asia in terms of aid distribution.It is characterized by diverse types of assistance and flexible levels of support.However,it also faces challenges brought by increased global development uncertainties,hindered sustainable development processes,and weak governance capacity in recipient countries.In the global context,the United States remains a major provider of education aid worldwide,with fluctuating growth in terms of aid scale and a focus on Asia and Africa in terms of distribution.The United States tends to prioritize basic education and higher education,adopting diverse aid strategies to enhance effectiveness.In the era of globalization,China could expand the scale of education aid,scientifically plan regional distribution,develop diverse types of aid,and enhance the sustainable development capacity of recipient countries in order to fully adapt to the new trends in global education aid and deeply integrate into global education governance.

关 键 词：教育援外 美国教育援助 援助格局 援助有效性 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]