论美国汉诗英译的生态诗学传统:生成与意义  

The Ecopoetic Tradition in English Translation of Classical Chinese Poetry in America

作　　者：耿纪永 赵美欧 GENG Jiyong;ZHAO Mei'ou(East China Normal University,Shanghai,China;University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学外语学院 [2]上海理工大学外语学院

出　　处：《中国翻译》2025年第2期41-48,191,共9页Chinese Translators Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金规划项目“当代美国文学的寒山书写研究”(项目编号:22YJA752005)。

摘　　要：中国古诗在美国的翻译传播中,庞德、斯奈德、辛顿等译者根据社会背景和诗学意图有意识地利用其中的生态智慧,通过选择、改写、阐释,建构其生态诗学面貌。从20世纪初新诗变革中庞德等人对中国汉字和古典诗学中自然观的关注开启了带有生态意味的汉诗英译,到二战后面对生态危机,“跨掉派”诗人将汉诗英译与环境主义相连,再到新世纪辛顿等人对汉诗山水传统的“文化翻译”和生态诗学解读,中国古诗的生态意蕴历经三代译者的挖掘和阐释,形成了美国汉诗英译的生态诗学传统。这一传统不仅将美国汉学家对中国古诗的译介、研究和征用具体到了生态诗学层面,从而揭示了海外汉学的“生态转向”,同时也帮助我们重新认识20世纪美国生态诗歌中的中国因素和中美文学文化关系。In their efforts to translate classical Chinese poetry and disseminate it in America,translators such as Pound,Snyder and Hinton have paid special attention to the vision of nature and the eco-wisdom with which the poems being translated are informed.Guided by their poetic intent and working through selection,translation,rewriting,and introduction of the source texts,these translators have constructed an ecopoetics within their own social contexts.The ecological meaning of classical Chinese poetry has been excavated and reinterpreted by three generations of American translators.The first generation is represented by Pound and Fenollosa,who explored the view of nature in classical Chinese poetry for the benefit of initiating an ecological approach to American poetic production in the early 20th century.The second generation of translators were active in the post-World War II years when,facing an eco-crisis,some beat poets contributed to the environmental movement with their translations of classical Chinese nature poetry.Representative of the works of the third generation is Hinton's"cultural translation"and ecopoetic interpretation of the mountains-and-rivers tradition of classical Chinese poetry in the current century.As a result of their continued and persistent efforts,an ecopoetic tradition in English translation of classical Chinese poetry has taken shape.Exploring this tradition helps to turn the topic area of eco-poetics and the"ecological turn"in sinology into a focal point in the study of sinologists'translation,study,and appropriation of classical Chinese poetry in general.It is also conducive to Chinese translation scholars'ongoing efforts to identify Chinese elements in 20th century American eco-poems and to re-define the cultural/literary relationship between China and America.

关 键 词：汉诗英译 生态智慧 生态诗学 海外汉学 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]