基于InVEST模型祁连山南坡土地利用变化及碳储量时空分布研究  

Research on land use change and spatiotemporal distribution of carbon storage on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains based on the InVEST model

作　　者：孙子婷 袁杰 李晓燕 唐建亭 Sun Ziting;Yuan Jie;Li Xiaoyan;Tang Jianting(Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Processes,School of Geographical Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;The People′s Government of Qinghai Province-Beijing Normal University,Institute of Plateau Science and Sustainable Development,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,西宁810008 [2]青海省人民政府—北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院,西宁810008

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第3期332-342,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金项目(2023-ZJ-907M)。

摘　　要：[目的]生态系统中碳储量变化与土地利用格局关系紧密,研究土地利用变化与碳储量两者的关系,以期优化土地利用结构,提升区域固碳能力。[方法]以祁连山南坡为研究区,将土地利用和碳密度数据作为InVEST模型的输入参数,研究土地利用变化导致的碳储量变化及其时空变化特征。[结果](1)2000—2020年祁连山南坡土地利用类型面积呈现未利用地和林地持续增加、草地持续减少、耕地和建设用地先减少后增加、水域先增加后减少的变化特征。2000—2010年未利用地变化率最大,草地变化率最小;2010—2020年建设用地变化率最大,草地变化率最小。2000—2010年草地转入是未利用地面积增加的主要原因;2010—2020年草地流向未利用地和林地是草地面积减少的主要原因,草地和水域的转入是未利用地面积大幅扩张的主要原因。(2)祁连山南坡在2000年、2010年和2020年的总碳储量依次为4.03×10^(8) t,4.13×10^(8) t,4.22×10^(8) t,生态固碳效率上优于历史时期土地利用结构,固碳水平持续增高。未利用地转化为草地和水域以及草地转化为林地和水域是导致碳储量增加的主要原因。(3)祁连山南坡碳储量较高的区域主要分布在研究区东南部、西北部中间地带和中部北侧,土地类型为林地;碳储量较低的区域主要位于研究区的东南部中侧,以未利用地为主。(4)碳储量冷热点分布与土地利用类型有密不可分的关系,碳储量较高的区域主要位于林地,而较低的区域则主要在水域、建设用地、耕地、草地和未利用地上。[结论]祁连山南坡生态系统碳储量呈增加趋势,主要是碳储量较低的土地利用类型转化为碳密度较高的土地利用类型,未来应控制建设用地转化为林地、耕地和草地等碳密度较高的扩张,优化用地布局,提高区域碳储量。[Objective]The relationship between carbon storage changes and land use patterns is closely linked.This study explores the relationship between land use change and carbon storage,aiming to optimize land use structure and enhance regional carbon sequestration capacity.[Methods]Taking the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains as the study area,the land use and carbon density data were used as the input parameters of the InVEST model to study the changes in carbon storage caused by land use change and the characteristics of temporal and spatial variation of carbon storage.[Result](1)From 2000 to 2020,the area of land use types on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains showed the characteristics of continuous increase of unused land and forest land,continuous decrease of grassland,decrease and subsequent increase of cultivated land,construction land,and water area.From 2000 to 2010,the change rate of unused land was the largest,and the change rate of grassland was the smallest.From 2010 to 2020,the change rate of construction land was the largest,and the change rate of grassland was the smallest.From 2000 to 2010,grassland transfer was the main reason for the increase of unused land.From 2010 to 2020,the reduction in grassland was mainly due to its conversion to unused land and forest land.And the significant expansion of unused land was mainly driven by conversions from grassland and water area.(2)The total carbon storage of the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains in 2000,2010 and 2020 was 4.03×10^(8) t,4.13×10^(8) t,and 4.22×10^(8) t,respectively,showing an overall increasing trend.The current land use structure had higher ecological carbon sequestration efficiency than the previous structure,and the carbon sequestration level continued to rise.The conversion of unused land to grassland and water area,as well as the conversion of grassland to forest land and water area,were the main reasons for the increase in carbon storage.(3)Areas with high carbon storage on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains

关 键 词：碳储量 土地利用变化 InVEST模型 冷热点分析 祁连山南坡 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]