基于断面测点优化的隧道超欠挖快速检测方法研究  

Research on a Rapid Detection Method for Tunnel Over-Excavation and Under-Excavation Based on Cross-Section Measurement Point Optimizationn

作　　者：龚伦[1,4] 郭博文 王立川[1,2,3] 王海彦 刘玉飞 章慧健[1,4] 谭凌[1] CONG Lun;CUO Bowen;WANG Lichuan;WANG Haiyan;LIU Yufei;ZHANG Hujian;TAN Ling(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Transportation Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211816,China;Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering,Ministry of Education,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]中铁十八局集团有限公司,天津300350 [3]南京工业大学交通运输工程学院,江苏南京211816 [4]交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2025年第3期52-57,共6页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178395);中铁十八局集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(G21-12,G21-14)。

摘　　要：隧道施工中,超欠挖现象对工程进度及隧道质量构成严重影响。在隧道断面开挖完成后,立即进行快速检测至关重要,因此迫切需要一种高效、便捷且快速的隧道轮廓检测方法。本文研究了不同隧道类型(单线、双线、三线非直墙隧道)断面检测测点数量与检测精度的关系,研究结果表明,当测点数量较少时,增加测点数可显著提高检测精度,而当测点数量较多时,精度提升较小。基于此规律提出断面测点数量优化方法,采用“11+n”的测点选取原则,减少了检测点数,提高了检测效率,并基于测点优化提出了一种隧道超欠挖快速检测方法。同时通过对测点拟合方式的研究,发现拟合曲线拟合效果最佳。本研究提出的隧道断面检测完整操作流程,为隧道断面快速检测提供了一种新的方法,具有较高的实用价值。In tunnel construction,over-excavation and under-excavation can seriously impact both the construction schedule and the quality of the tunnel.Therefore,it is crucial to conduct rapid inspection immediately after the tunnel cross-section excavation is completed.There is an urgent need for an efficient,convenient,and fast tunnel profile detection method.This study investigates the relationship between the number of measurement points and the detection accuracy for different tunnel types(single-line,double-line,and three-line non-straight-wall tunnels).The results indicate that when the number of measurement points is small,increasing the number of points significantly improves detection accuracy,whereas when the number of points is large,the improvement in accuracy is marginal.Based on this principle,an optimized method for selecting the number of measurement points is proposed,adopting the"11+n"principle.This reduces the number of detection points,enhances detection efficiency,and,based on point optimization,a rapid detection method for over-excavation and underexcavation is proposed.Additionally,the study on point fitting methods reveals that the curve fiting method provides the best fitting results.The complete operational procedure for tunnel cross-section detection proposed in this study offers a new approach for rapid tunnel profile inspection,with high practical value.

关 键 词：超欠挖 断面检测 测点优化 快速检测 拟合方式 

分 类 号：U456.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]