膨润土复合材料对水中Cd^(2+)的吸附研究  

Adsorption of Cd^(2+)in water by bentonite composite materials

作　　者：唐丽群 梁斌珺 何春林 樊丽琳 张凤懿 王燕华 李妍 TANG Liqun;LIANG Binjun;HE Chunlin;FAN Lilin;ZHANG Fengyi;WANG Yanhua;LI Yan(School of Safety Management,Guangxi Vocational College of Safety Engineering,Nanning 530100,Guangxi,China;Department of Construction Engineering,Gannan University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi Province,China;School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西安全工程职业技术学院安全管理学院,广西南宁530100 [2]赣南科技学院建筑工程系,江西赣州341000 [3]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《化学工程》2025年第3期34-39,共6页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目地区基金资助项目(52364022);广西自然科学基金面上项目(2023JJA160192);2023年度广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2023KY1586);广西安全工程职业技术学院2022年度科学研究课题(GAZY2022KYB01)。

摘　　要：以膨润土为原料,高分子聚合物为载体,采用气流膨化技术制备膨润土复合材料,并通过XRD和SEM表征复合材料的结构和形貌。考察膨化度、吸附时间、溶液pH值和初始质量浓度等因素对Cd^(2+)吸附性能的影响,并通过吸附热力学和吸附动力学研究吸附机理。结果表明:气流膨化显著提高了膨润土复合材料的吸附性能,当膨化度为2.197时吸附效果最佳。在最佳工艺条件(吸附时间6 h,pH值7,Cd^(2+)初始质量浓度100 mg/L)下,对Cd^(2+)的去除率达98.43%,吸附量为9.77 mg/g。吸附热力学研究表明,该材料对Cd^(2+)的吸附过程主要遵循Freundlich等温吸附模型,属于多分子层吸附,材料表面存在不均匀的吸附位点。吸附动力学研究表明,该材料对Cd^(2+)的吸附符合准二级动力学模型,吸附速率主要取决于吸附剂表面的化学吸附过程。气流膨化膨润土复合材料制备方法简单、原料易得、吸附性能优异,在重金属废水处理中具有良好的应用前景。Bentonite composite materials were prepared by gas-jet foaming technology using bentonite as raw material and polymer as carrier.The structure and morphology of the composite material were characterized by XRD and SEM.The effects of foaming degree,adsorption time,solution pH value,and initial mass concentration on the adsorption performance of Cd^(2+)were investigated,and the adsorption mechanism was studied through adsorption thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics.The results show that gas-jet foaming significantly improves the adsorption performance of the bentonite composite material,and the optimal adsorption effect is achieved when the foaming degree is 2.197.Under the optimal process conditions(adsorption time of 6 h,pH value of 7,initial mass concentration of Cd^(2+)of 100 mg/L),the removal rate of Cd^(2+)reaches 98.43%,and the adsorption amount is 9.77 mg/g.The adsorption thermodynamics shows that the adsorption process of Cd^(2+)mainly follows Freundlich isothermal adsorption model,which belongs to multi-molecular layer adsorption,and there are non-uniform adsorption sites on the surface of the material.The adsorption kinetics shows that the adsorption rate of Cd^(2+)is mainly determined by the chemisorption process on the adsorbent surface.The preparation method of gas-jet foaming bentonite composite material is simple,raw materials are easy to obtain,and its adsorption performance is excellent,which has good application prospects in heavy metal wastewater treatment.

关 键 词：膨化 膨润土复合材料 Cd^(2+) 吸附 

分 类 号：TD98[矿业工程—选矿]