《灵枢·经脉》中心的经脉病症特点及病机探讨  

Characteristics and pathogenesis of heart meridian diseases in the Lingshu·Meridians chapter

作　　者：刘孚嘉 李汪 卢红蓉[1] LIU Fujia;LI Wang;LU Hongrong(Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医基础理论研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2025年第2期174-180,共7页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2023YFC3502703);中国中医科学院科技创新工程创新团队项目(No.CI2021B001);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(No.YZX202333)。

摘　　要：统计《灵枢·经脉》中心的经脉病症,从致病经脉、病变部位、病性等角度总结手少阴心经、手厥阴心包经及他经所致心病症的特点,分析其病机内涵,为心相关疾病防治提供新思路。十二经脉中,除心经与心包经外,引起心病症的经脉有5条,分别为手太阴肺经、足阳明胃经、足太阴脾经、足少阴肾经及足少阳胆经。病症多见于阴经,以痛症、热症为主,与心为火脏,邪气易从阳化热,心火外传致病有关。其他经脉影响心经、心包经出现心痛、心悸等症状的机制有三:一是循经传变致病,病邪通过正经分支或经别传变至心致烦心、心痛等;二是五行生克异常致病,胆木不生心火、心阳虚而痛,肾水不制心火、火热扰神致心悸;三是气机异常致病,阳明经、少阳经经气“开阖枢”异常,致心包经阴气不敛而心悸或心经阳虚而痛,外邪循经入肺,致宗气生成与输布障碍,影响心本经气机致烦心。三种机制可单独存在,也可同时为病。By analyzing the meridian related diseases of the heart in the Lingshu·Meridians chapter,this study summarizes the characteristics of heart diseases caused by the Heart Channel of Hand-Shaoyin,Pericardium Channel of Hand-Jueyin,and other meridians from the perspectives of pathogenic meridians,lesion sites,and disease nature.The pathogenesis and connotation of these diseases are analyzed,providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of heart related diseases.Among the twelve meridians,besides the Heart Channel of Hand-Shaoyin and Pericardium Channel of Hand-Jueyin,there are five meridians that cause heart diseases,namely the Lung Channel of Hand-Taiyin,Stomach Channel of Foot-Yangming,Spleen Channel of Foot-Taiyin,Kidney Channel of Foot-Shaoyin,and Gallbladder Channel of Foot-Shaoyang.Diseases are more common in the yin meridian,with pain and heat as the main symptoms.They are related to the fact that the heart is a yang zang-organ,and evil qi is easily converted from yang to heat,causing diseases through the transmission of heart fire.There are three mechanisms by which other meridians can affect the Heart Channel of Hand-Shaoyin and Pericardium Channel of Hand-Jueyin,leading to symptoms such as heart pain and palpitations.Firstly,pathogenic factors can be transmitted along the meridians,causing discomfort and heartache to the heart;secondly,due to the abnormal pathogenic behavior of the Five Elements,where the gallbladder wood do not generate heart fire,and the heart yang is weak and painful;kidney water does not control heart fire,and the heat disturbs the mind and causes palpitations;thirdly,qi function is abnormal,which leads to abnormal opening and closing of the Yangming and Shaoyang channels,causing palpitations due to insufficient yin qi in the pericardium meridian or pain due to yang deficiency in the heart channel.External pathogens enter the lung through the channels,causing obstacles in the generation and distribution of pectoral qi,affecting the qi function of the heart channel and causing di

关 键 词：心 经脉 病机 灵枢 

分 类 号：R221.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]