国内外自愿碳市场发展现状与前景展望  

Development status and outlook of domestic and international voluntary carbon markets

作　　者：平倩 刘云萍 雷青霞 李琳 秦晓敏 PING Qian;LIU Yunping;LEI Qingxia;LI Lin;QIN Xiaomin(China Energy Engineering Group Xinjiang Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国能源建设集团新疆电力设计院有限公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2025年第2期76-83,112,共9页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：自愿碳市场是通过自发市场机制控制和减少二氧化碳等温室气体排放,助力积极稳妥推进“双碳”目标的新契机和新动力。总结国内外自愿碳市场的运行机制和发展趋势,认为:国际自愿碳市场存在高质量碳信用供给不足、缺乏统一的国际碳信用标准框架和监管力度不足等问题和挑战;国内自愿碳市场存在市场活力有待激发、与国际市场接轨不足以及市场规范和信任度不足等问题。国际自愿碳市场未来发展方向包括:制定统一的碳信用制度标准,建立完善的交易基础设施和完善市场数字监管机制。国内自愿碳市场未来发展方向包括:加快推进国家核证自愿减排量项目开发,促进与国际碳市场的对接,加强技术创新推动高质量发展以及规范市场秩序。The voluntary carbon market serves as a new chance and fresh impetus for reducing greenhouse gas emissions,including CO_2,through self-regulating market mechanisms,while facilitating steady progress towards achieving the“dual carbon”goals.This paper provides an overview of the operational frameworks and development trajectories of domestic and international voluntary carbon markets.It identifies such key challenges for the international market as insufficient supply of high-quality carbon credits,lack of a unified international carbon credit standard framework,and inadequate regulatory efforts.Domestic problems and challenges mainly include the need to stimulate market vitality,insufficient integration with international markets,and a lack of market regulation and trust.Future directions for the international market include the unification of carbon credit standards,the establishment of resilient trading systems,and the advancement of digital regulatory frameworks,while domestic priorities emphasize CCER development,international alignment,technological advancement,and regulatory enhancement.

关 键 词：自愿碳减排机制 自愿碳市场 “双碳”目标 气候变化应对 国家核证自愿减排量 

分 类 号：F403.3[经济管理—产业经济] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]